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目的了解水痘疫情在校园传播规律,提供有效的防控策略及方法。方法通过自行设计的调查问卷,采用当面询问或电话访问的形式获取班级成员的发病信息、社交圈等信息,通过病例对照研究探讨水痘疫情在班级内播散模式及途径。结果本次爆发疫情中累计学生患者20人,疫苗接种组与未接种组的发病率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=7.79,P<0.05);与首发病例为好友关系组发病风险显著高于非好友组;并通过多因素Logistic回归验证上述危险因素。结论接种水痘疫苗能有效预防水痘的发生以及缩小水痘疫情的规模,此外在学校班级内的水痘疫情主要的传播模式是好友间的亲密行为。
Objective To understand the spread of chickenpox in campus and to provide effective prevention and control strategies and methods. Methods Self-designed questionnaires were used to obtain information such as the incidence of disease and social circle of class members by using face-to-face interviews or telephone interviews. Case-control studies were conducted to explore the modes and ways of spreading varicella in the classroom. Results The total number of students was 20 in this outbreak. The incidence of vaccination and non-vaccination groups was significantly different (χ ~ 2 = 7.79, P <0.05) In non-friend group; and verify the risk factors by multivariate Logistic regression. Conclusion The vaccination against chickenpox effectively prevented the occurrence of chickenpox and reduced the scale of the chickenpox epidemic. In addition, the main mode of transmission of the chickenpox epidemic in the school classes was the intimacy among friends.