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1995年美国疾病预防控制中心提出标准预防的概念,并于1996年在全美实施,我国在2000年将其编入卫生部颁布的《医院感染管理规范》(试行)中。随着社会的发展,各种传染病发病呈增高的趋势,如艾滋病、SARS、甲型H1N1型流感对人类都构成了极大的威胁。医务人员由于职业特点、工作环境的特殊性,处在高危领域,面临着极大的职业暴露危险,其特殊环境可使医务人员在工作过程中发生医院感染。
In 1995, the CDC put forward the concept of standard prevention and implemented it in the whole of the United States in 1996. In 2000, China incorporated it into the “Code of Practice for Nosocomial Infection” promulgated by the Ministry of Health (Trial). With the development of society, the incidence of various infectious diseases has been on the rise. AIDS, SARS and Influenza A (H1N1) influenza pose a great threat to human beings. Due to the specialties of occupational characteristics and work environment, medical personnel are in a high-risk area and face a great risk of occupational exposure, and their special environment can cause medical staff to have nosocomial infections during their work.