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浙江受季风气候影响,在高温盛夏,尤以7月至8月上旬,每有干旱期出现。其时,黄红麻的根系土层如严重缺水,就将影响麻株生长,导致减产。因此,麻区的旱期灌溉对提高麻皮产量很见重要。 本研究发现腾散量(即麻株蒸腾量和麻地土壤蒸发量之总和)可用下式求得: E=K·C 式中K是腾散量(E)对麻地气象哨相应日期内的蒸发量(C)之比值,称麻地腾散系数。K=0.7。 通过土层贮水量计算表(本文表6)可以显示土层贮水量出现亏损的日期,此时对麻地贮水量加以分层实测,即可求得土层贮水量的亏损值sum from i=(0-5) to (20-30) |di|,则日喷灌量(g)为: g=sum from i=(0-5) to (20-30) |di|+K·C 当隔几天灌溉一次时,则总喷灌(沟灌)量G为: G=sum from i=(0-5) to (20-30) |di|+k sum from i′=1 to n Ci′ 式中sum from i′=1 to n Ci′为n天的内逐日蒸发量预报值之总和,若无此项资料,可采用相应历史旱期时段的逐日蒸发量总和。 运用这一方法估算灌溉定额和日期,不仅快速及时,以及对后期灌溉工作带来预见性和计划性,而且这一方法是以指标贮水量作为灌溉标准的,这就适合麻株生理对水分的最适要求,故麻皮增产显著。
Affected by the monsoon climate in Zhejiang, summer heat, especially in July to early August, every drought period appears. At that time, the roots of yellow kenaf soil such as a serious shortage of water, it will affect the growth of hemp plants, resulting in reduced production. Therefore, dry season irrigation in the area is very important for raising the yield of bark. This study found that the sum of evapotranspiration (sum of transpiration of hemp and soil evaporation of marsh) can be obtained by the following formula: E = K · C where K is the evapotranspiration (E) The amount of (C) ratio, said Matilda coefficient. K = 0.7. Through the soil water storage calculation table (Table 6) can show the loss of soil water storage capacity of the date, this time to stratified Muddy water storage can be measured to calculate the loss of soil water storage sum from i = ( 0-5) to (20-30) | di |, the daily irrigation amount (g) is: g = sum from i = (0-5) to (20-30) | di | + K · C The total irrigation (furrow irrigation) G is: G = sum from i = (0-5) to (20-30) | di | + k sum from i ’= 1 to n Ci’ where sum from i ’= 1 to n Ci’ is the sum of daily daily evaporation estimates for n days. If no such information is available, then the sum of the daily evaporation of the corresponding dry periods can be used. Estimating irrigation quotas and dates using this method is not only quick and timely, predictable and planned for later irrigation but also based on the indicator storage of water as a standard for irrigation, which is suitable for physiological The most appropriate requirements, so hemp yield significant.