清代立法关于勘丈制度的规定相当简略,其理论状态主要见诸于州县官笔记,实践状态则体现在大量的案例之中。立法、理论与实践存在这样一些差别:就勘丈的启动而言,立法与实践都表现出当勘则勘的态度,而理论上则强调慎用;就勘丈的实施主体而言,立法与理论都要求州县官亲自实施,而实践中佐贰官实施勘丈的情形屡见不鲜;就勘丈结论的作用而言,立法与理论皆认为勘丈结论应是第二位次的证据,但司法实践中,勘丈结论所起作用远远超过了“印契”“完粮印串”等普通书证。 The regulations of the Qing Dynasty on the system of annihilation are quite simple. The theoretical status is mainly seen in the notes of the state magistrates and prefectures. The practice status is reflected in a large number of cases. There are some differences between legislation, theory and practice. For the start of exploration, both legislation and practice show the attitude of investigation and survey while the theory emphasizes caution. For the main body of exploration, legislation and practice Theory requires state and prefectural magistrates personally to implement, and in practice the Zuoshangguan implementation of the survey is not uncommon; the role of exploration conclusion, both legislation and theory that the conclusion of the survey should be the second most evidence, but the judicial practice , The conclusion of the survey results far more than “India ” “complete grain print series ” and other common documentary evidence.