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文化哲学目前受到越来越多的关注 ,同时也遭到许多质疑 ,如关于“文化决定论”的指责。这其中有许多误解 ,而最根本的分歧来源于对文化的理解和界定。实际上 ,本体性文化范畴并不局限于人们通常所理解的文学、艺术等具体的文化存在形式 ,而是内化到人的活动和社会运动各个领域之中的 ,历史地凝结成的稳定的生存方式。可以从四个层面界定文化 :(1)文化的人本规定性 :人的超越性与创造性 ;(2 )文化的价值内涵 :人的需要与价值体系 ;(3)文化的属人特性 :人化自然与人的生活世界 ;(4)文化的社会历史方位 :内在的和机理性的存在。建立在这种理解之上的文化哲学超越了一般意义的“决定论”的简单争论 ,成为新世纪哲学的重要范式和自觉形态。
At present, cultural philosophy is receiving more and more attention as well as many questions at the same time, such as the accusation of “cultural determinism.” There are many misunderstandings among them, and the most fundamental differences stem from the understanding and definition of culture. In fact, the category of noumenal culture is not limited to the specific form of cultural existence, such as literature and art, as commonly understood, but is a historical, stable and stable process of internalization into all fields of human activities and social movements Way of life The culture can be defined from four aspects: (1) the human nature of culture: human transcendence and creativity; (2) the cultural connotation of value: the human needs and value system; (3) The natural and human life world; (4) the social and historical orientation of culture: the intrinsic and mechanistic existence. The cultural philosophy based on this understanding transcends the simple argument of “determinism” in the general sense and becomes the important paradigm and consciousness of philosophy in the new century.