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[目的]了解唐山部分市区市售蔬菜有机磷及氨基甲酸酯类农药残留的情况。[方法]在唐山市路北、路南区的各大农贸市场及超市销售点通过网格布点法选取10个采样点(路北区取6个,路南区取4个,每个采样点农贸市场及超市均取样)进行采样。采用酶抑制法对12种蔬菜包括白菜、菠菜、韭菜、油菜、芹菜、蒜苔、西红柿、豆角、黄瓜、洋葱、胡萝卜、土豆中的有机磷及氨基甲酸酯类农药残留量进行测量。[结果]共采集蔬菜样品240份,检出农药残留235份,检出率97.9%,超标份数9,超标率3.75%。其中市场检出率为96.7%,超标率为3.33%。超市的检出率为99.2%,超标率为4.17%。市场和超市的蔬菜胆碱酯酶抑制率差异无统计学意义(P﹥0.05)。路北区样品的检出率为96.5%,超标率4.86%,路南区的检出率100%,超标率2.08%。市内各区的蔬菜胆碱酯酶抑制率差异同样也无统计学意义(P﹥0.05)。3类蔬菜的胆碱酯酶抑制率情况也无差别。[结论]唐山市售蔬菜中普遍存在着有机磷及氨基甲酸酯类农药残留。
[Objective] To understand the situation of vegetable residues of organic phosphorus and carbamate pesticides in some urban areas of Tangshan. [Method] Ten sample points (6 in Lubei area and 4 in Lunan area) were selected by grid distribution point in the major farmers ’markets and supermarkets’ sales outlets in North Road and South Road of Tangshan City. Each sampling point Farmers markets and supermarkets are sampling) for sampling. Residues of organophosphorus and carbamate pesticides in 12 kinds of vegetables including cabbage, spinach, leek, rape, celery, garlic, tomato, beans, cucumber, onion, carrot and potato were measured by enzyme inhibition method. [Result] A total of 240 vegetable samples were collected, and 235 pesticide residues were detected, the detection rate was 97.9%, the excessive standard number was 9 and the excessive standard rate was 3.75%. The market detection rate was 96.7%, exceeding the standard rate of 3.33%. The detection rate of supermarkets was 99.2%, exceeding the rate of 4.17%. Vegetable and supermarket vegetable cholinesterase inhibition rate difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05). The detection rate of the samples in North Road was 96.5%, the exceeding standard rate was 4.86%, the detection rate in Lunan District was 100% and the exceeding standard rate was 2.08%. The difference of vegetable cholinesterase inhibition rate in the urban districts was also not statistically significant (P> 0.05). Class 3 vegetables cholinesterase inhibition rate of the same situation. [Conclusion] The residues of organophosphorus and carbamate pesticides are common in the vegetables sold in Tangshan.