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铀石(USiO_4)是铀的最重要工业矿物之一。它最早于1955年发现于美国科罗拉多高原的卷状砂岩型铀矿床中(Stieff,1955)。自从20世纪90年代我国将(与美国该类铀矿床相似的)层间氧化带砂岩型铀矿确定为获取铀资源的主型矿床以来,由于矿物特别微小(≤1～2μm)和测试技术(矿物粒径小于仪器可分辨尺寸)等原因,从未在该类铀矿床中检出过其晶形和化学成分确凿的铀石。这里报道的在该类铀矿床中首次发现的铀石,赋存于新疆513铀矿床矿石的(侏罗纪)碳化木屑细胞腔内,与沥青铀矿共生(图1)。众多铀石均呈自形的四方双锥单晶,其化学成分的扫描电镜能谱分析结果列于表1。结果表明其化学成分较简单,接近铀石化学成
Uranium (USiO_4) is one of the most important industrial minerals of uranium. It was first discovered in 1955 in a coiled sandstone-type uranium deposit on the Colorado Plateau in the United States (Stieff, 1955). Since the 1990s, China has identified intergranular oxidized sandstone-type uranium deposits (uranium deposits similar to those in the United States) as the main ore deposits for uranium resources because of the extremely small (≤1 ~ 2μm) minerals and the testing techniques Mineral size is smaller than the size of the instrument can be resolved) and other reasons, has never been detected in this type of uranium deposit its crystal form and chemical composition of uranium stone. The uranium stone first discovered in this type of uranium deposit, reported here, is found in the (Jurassic) carbonized woodchip cells of the ore of the 513 Uranium deposit in Xinjiang, which coexists with bitumen uranium (Figure 1). Many uranium stones were self-shaped tetragonal double-cone single crystal, the chemical composition of the scanning electron microscope spectrum analysis results are shown in Table 1. The results show that its chemical composition is relatively simple, close to the uranium chemistry into