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为了解青海省黄南藏族自治州棘球蚴病的流行情况,于2012年6-8月,在青海黄南藏族自治州河南县、泽库县、尖扎县、同仁县等4县各随机抽取2~3个乡(镇),对1岁以上常住居民进行B超检查,调查人群患病情况。采用内脏剖检法调查羊棘球蚴病情况,ELISA检测现场随机采集的无主犬棘球绦虫粪抗原。结果显示,B超检查共11 231人,检出棘球蚴病患者77例,患病率为0.69%。不同地区中以泽库县棘球蚴病患病率最高,为2.12%(68/3 213),其次为河南县(0.26%,9/3 430)。女性棘球蚴病患病率为0.72%(44/6 094),略高于男性的0.64%(33/5 137)。各职业人群中以牧民棘球蚴病患病率最高,为0.83%(61/7 338)。不同年龄组中以50~59岁、60~69岁和30~39人群棘球蚴病患病率较高,分别为1.25%(9/721)、1.96%(13/663)和0.91%(24/2 637)。不同文化程度中以文盲和小学文化程度人群棘球蚴病患病率较高,分别为0.66%(18/2 709)和0.79%(59/7 432)。不同居住方式以冬季定居夏季游牧人群棘球蚴病患病率最高,为1.10%(70/6 391),其次为游牧人群(0.62%,6/965)。不同地区、年龄段、居住方式及文化程度间的患病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但不同性别、职业间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。共检查羊3 525头,棘球蚴检出率为2.13%(75/3 525)。不同地区的羊棘球蚴检出率间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。采集无主犬粪共1 282份,棘球绦虫粪抗原阳性率为11.70%(150/1 282)。不同地区的犬粪抗原阳性率间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。提示黄南州人群棘球蚴病患病率较高,羊棘球蚴检出率和无主犬棘球绦虫粪抗原阳性率较高。
In order to know the prevalence of hydatid disease in Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Qinghai Province, from June to August in 2012, 2 randomly selected from 4 counties of Henan Province, Zeku County, Jianzha County and Tongren County, Qinghai Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture ~ 3 townships (towns), over 1-year-old residents over the B-ultrasound to investigate the prevalence of the crowd. The visceral dissection was used to investigate the status of epicardial hydatid disease. ELISA-based test was used to detect the host-free Echinococcus granulosus antigen. The results showed that a total of 11 231 B-ultrasound, detection of 77 cases of hydatid disease, the prevalence was 0.69%. The highest prevalence of hydatid disease was 2.12% (68/3 213) in Zeku in different areas, followed by Henan (0.26%, 9/430). The prevalence of female echinococcosis was 0.72% (44/6 094), slightly higher than that of males (0.64%) (33/5 137). Among occupational groups, the highest prevalence of herdsman’s hydatid disease was 0.83% (61/7 338). The prevalence rates of echinococcosis were higher in different age groups from 50 to 59 years old, from 60 to 69 years old and from 30 to 39, which were 1.25% (9/721), 1.96% (13/663) and 0.91% 24/2 637). The prevalence rates of echinococcosis among illiterate and primary school students were 0.66% (18/2 709) and 0.79% (59/7 432) respectively in different educational level. The prevalence rate of echinococcosis in nomadic herds inhabiting in different seasons was highest in different living styles, which was 1.10% (70/6 391), followed by nomadic people (0.62%, 6/965). The prevalence rates among different regions, ages, living styles and educational level were statistically significant (P <0.05), but there were no significant differences among different genders and occupations (P> 0.05). A total of 3 525 sheep were examined, and the detection rate of echinococcosis was 2.13% (75/3 525). There were significant differences in the detection rates of Echinococcus in different regions (P <0.05). A total of 1 282 samples of non-dominant dog faeces were collected, and the positive rate of E.coli antigen was 11.70% (150/1 282). The positive rates of canine antigen in different regions were statistically significant (P <0.05). The results showed that the prevalence rate of Echinococcosis was high in Huangnan people, and the detection rate of Echinococcus granulosus and the positive rate of Euglena antigen were not high.