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以广西容县某离子吸附型稀土矿为研究对象,矿石经低温(自然风干、60℃和120℃)和中温(240℃)四个温阶加热处理,采用ICP-AES分析矿石中稀土含量,结果表明:1120℃时,全相稀土损失率平均为2.11%,离子相损失率平均为2.18%,表明此温度对稀土影响较小,加热去除水分是可行的,加热温度是60℃~120℃。2与自然风干相比,加热后矿石中全相、离子相稀土均呈减少趋势。240℃时,离子相损失率为2.69%~16.51%,平均11.43%;全相损失率5.10%~9.12%,平均7.24%。3离子相稀土组分随温度升高,La和Ce配分增高,Er,Tm,Yb和Lu降低。低温、中温加热过程中可能不存在离子相与全相稀土相互转换过程;矿石中吸附水和自由水的去除不是稀土减少的原因;减少的稀土离子可能在蒙脱石层间发生同晶置换。
Taking an ion-adsorbed rare-earth mine in Rongxian, Guangxi as the research object, the ore was heat-treated by four temperature steps of low temperature (60 ℃ and 120 ℃) and moderate temperature (240 ℃). The content of rare earth in the ore was analyzed by ICP- The results show that at 1120 ℃, the average loss of all-phase rare earth is 2.11% and the average ion-loss rate is 2.18%, which shows that this temperature has little effect on rare earth. It is feasible to remove water by heating. The heating temperature is 60 ℃ ~ 120 ℃ . 2 Compared with natural air-dried, all phases in the ore after heating, ion-phase rare earth showed a decreasing trend. At 240 ℃, the loss of ionic phase was 2.69% ~ 16.51% with an average of 11.43%. The loss of all phases was 5.10% ~ 9.12% with an average of 7.24%. 3 Rare earth components with increasing temperature, La and Ce content increased, Er, Tm, Yb and Lu decreased. In the process of low temperature and medium temperature heating, there may not be the process of conversion between the ionic phase and the all-phase rare earth. The removal of adsorbed water and free water in the ore is not the reason for the decrease of rare earth. The reduced rare earth ions may undergo the isomorphous substitution between the layers of the montmorillonite.