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目的探讨心率变异性生物反馈(HRV BF)干预高血压前期患者心血管应激反应的效果。方法比较高血压前期者与正常血压者应激反应上血压变化的差异;将36位高血压前期受试者随机分为心率变异性生物反馈(HRV BF)组、慢腹式呼吸(SAB)组和空白对照组。干预组受试者接受每次30 min,每周2次,持续2个月共15次的训练;空白对照组不予干预。实验间隔期嘱受试者每天进行不少于20 min的家庭训练。所有受试者在实验开始前及实验结束后均接受连续2 d同一时间点进行的两种应激测试。结果高血压前期者较正常血压者在应对心算应激时收缩压和舒张压反应性更大。干预2个月后,HRV BF和SAB组收缩压和舒张压平均降压幅度分别为15.4/10.2 mmHg、11.6/7.4 mmHg;空白对照组干预后血压无明显变化。HRV BF能显著降低受试者心算应激时收缩压反应性,较SAB更为明显。结论高血压前期者应激反应性较高,HRV BF训练可以降低受试者应对心理应激时心血管的反应,并降低高血压前期者血压。
Objective To investigate the effect of heart rate variability biofeedback (HRV BF) on cardiovascular response in prehypertensive patients. Methods 36 prehypertensive subjects were randomly divided into three groups: heart rate variability biofeedback (HRV BF) group, chronic abdominal breathing (SAB) group and control group And blank control group. Intervention group subjects received 30 min each time, twice a week for 2 months, a total of 15 training; control group without intervention. During the experiment, subjects were instructed to take home training of not less than 20 minutes per day. All subjects received two stress tests at the same time point for 2 consecutive days before and after the experiment. Results Compared with normotensive patients, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were more responsive to mental stress. After 2 months of intervention, the mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure reductions in HRV BF and SAB groups were 15.4 / 10.2 mmHg and 11.6 / 7.4 mmHg, respectively. There was no significant change in blood pressure after intervention in the blank control group. HRV BF significantly reduced the subjects’ systolic pressure reactivity when compared with SAB. Conclusions The prehypertension patients have higher stress response. Training with HRV BF can reduce the cardiovascular response to psychological stress and reduce the blood pressure in prehypertension patients.