水资源是基础性自然资源和战略性经济资源。随着经济社会的高速发展和人口的急剧增加,水资源危机已经成为仅次于全球气候变暖的世界第二大环境问题。世界范围的普遍缺水使海水淡化技术从中东的沙漠地区扩展到全球的主要沿海国家。截至2010 Water resources are basic natural resources and strategic economic resources. With the rapid economic and social development and a dramatic increase in population, the water crisis has become the world’s second largest environmental issue after global warming. The widespread water shortages worldwide have extended desalination technology from the deserts of the Middle East to major coastal countries around the world. As of 2010