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目的:总结中心静脉导管行胸腔闭式引流治疗胸腔积液(血)的护理体会。方法:对我科75例胸腔积液患者采用中心静脉导管(単腔)在B超定位下置入胸腔持续引流胸液(血)的护理过程进行回顾性分析。结果:52例胸腔积液中,31例恶性胸腔积液(包括18例既往明确诊断肺癌,本次并发胸腔积液的患者),经过中心静脉导管胸腔置管持续引流,患者胸闷气喘症状逐渐缓解,给予胸腔内注射化疗粘连药物效果良好,21例胸腔积液患者,经过中心静脉导管胸腔置管持续引流,胸水吸收快,未见明显胸膜粘连。置管期间均无引流管脱出、感染、气胸等并发症发生。结论:中心静脉导管(単腔)置管引流术在胸腔积液治疗的应用中疗效显著,具有微创、引流减压快,反复留取标本方便,便于胸腔内给药及并发症少等特点。不仅操作简单易行,还能迅速减轻临床症状,同时又减轻了患者的痛苦和护士的工作量,值得推广。
Objective: To summarize the experience of nursing care of pleural effusion (blood) by thoracic drainage in central venous catheter. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 75 patients with pleural effusion in our department using central venous catheter (single lumen) under the condition of B-ultrasonography for continuous drainage of pleural effusion (blood) was performed. Results: In 52 cases of pleural effusion, 31 cases of malignant pleural effusion (including 18 cases of previously diagnosed lung cancer with concurrent pleural effusion) were continuously drained through the central venous catheter, and the symptoms of chest tightness and asthma were gradually relieved , Given intrathoracic injection of chemotherapy adhesions good effect, 21 patients with pleural effusion, catheterization through the central venous catheter continued drainage, rapid absorption of pleural effusion, no significant pleural adhesions. No drainage catheter out during catheterization, infection, pneumothorax and other complications. Conclusion: The central venous catheter (single-lumen) catheter drainage in the treatment of pleural effusion in the treatment of significant effect, with minimally invasive, drainage and decompression fast, easy to take specimens repeatedly to facilitate intra-thoracic administration and less complications . Not only easy to operate, but also quickly reduce the clinical symptoms, while reducing the patient’s pain and nurses workload, it is worth promoting.