目的观察小儿垂体增生的临床特点和药物治疗后垂体影像学检查的变化。方法分析8例影像学检查显示“垂体增大,不能除外垂体腺瘤”的内分泌紊乱儿童的临床、MRI特点及激素替代治疗效果。结果 8例均存在明显的内分泌功能紊乱所致的临床症状和体征,以性早熟和甲状腺功能低下为主,无明显的颅内占位或侵袭症状。内分泌检查与临床吻合。颅脑MRI均提示垂体增大,部分病例平扫或增强信号不均匀,疑诊“垂体腺瘤”。予相应激素替代治疗后3个月,复查垂体明显缩小或正常,间隔3个月再随诊垂体未见异常改变。结论提示小儿垂体增生易与垂体腺瘤误诊,应重视临床特点和内分泌检查,必要时应用相应激素治疗后复查,避免不必要的手术治疗。 Objective To observe the clinical features of pediatric pituitary hyperplasia and changes of pituitary imaging after drug treatment. Methods Eight cases of endocrine disorders with abnormalities of pituitary gland and abnormal pituitary adenomas were analyzed. The clinical features, MRI features and hormone replacement therapy were analyzed in 8 cases. Results All the 8 patients had obvious clinical symptoms and signs of endocrine dysfunction, with precocious puberty and hypothyroidism as the main symptom. There was no significant intracranial space occupying or invasion symptoms. Endocrine examination and clinical anastomosis. Brain MRI are prompted to increase the pituitary, some cases of uneven or enhanced signal scan, suspected “pituitary adenoma.” To 3 months after the corresponding hormone replacement therapy, review the pituitary significantly reduced or normal, followed by an interval of 3 months no abnormal pituitary changes. Conclusions The results suggest that pediatric pituitary hyperplasia is misdiagnosed as pituitary adenoma. Clinical features and endocrine examination should be emphasized. If necessary, the corresponding hormone treatment should be used to review the results to avoid unnecessary surgical treatment.