由于日本把国家赔偿与民间赔偿混为一谈,不承认中国受害者具有索赔请求权,并以“超过诉讼时效”为由驳回受害者的诉讼请求,致使对日民间索赔诉讼鲜有胜诉或以救济金、慰问金应付了事。根据公认的国际法准则,中国放弃国家赔偿不等于也没有放弃民间赔偿,民间受害索赔请求权是多项国际条约明文规定的,受害者的诉讼请求是不受诉讼时效限制的,救济金或慰问金不具有国际法律责任意义上的赔偿性质。日本政府只有对侵华战争的受害者作出实质性赔偿,才能对受害国、受害者及其亲属有一个合情、合理、合法的交待,才能走出历史的阴霾。 Because Japan confused state compensation with civil compensation, it does not recognize that the Chinese victims have the right of claim and refuses the victim’s claim on the ground of “exceeding the limitation of limitation” Consolation gold deal. According to generally accepted norms of international law, China renounces state indemnities as neither giving nor waving civil indemnities. Claims for claims of civil damages are expressly provided in a number of international treaties. Victims’ claims are not subject to statute of limitations, and relief or condolence funds Does not have the nature of compensation in the sense of international legal responsibility. Only when the Japanese government makes substantive reparation to the victims of the war on aggression will it be possible to make a fair, reasonable and legitimate account of the victimized country, the victims and their relatives in order to get out of the haze of history.