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目的探讨口服米索前列醇预防产后出血的价值。方法采用回顾性资料分析方法,对我院2008年1月至2009年12月收住院的正常单胎头位足月妊娠经阴道试产者1600例随机分为两组。研究组800例,在第二产程胎头娩出后即口服米索前列醇600ug;对照组800例,在胎头娩出后静脉予缩宫素20 u。观察产后2 h出血量,产后出血发生率,新生儿窒息发生率及用药前后血压变化。结果产后2 h出血量,研究组与对照组分别为(168.45±60.56)m l和(188.75±95.32)m l,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。产后出血发生率,研究组与对照组分别为1.25%和3.75%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。新生儿窒息发生率及用药前后血压变化对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论口服米索前列醇预防产后出血优于缩宫素,不仅能减少产后出血量,降低产后出血发生率,且给药方便、安全,便于推广应用。
Objective To investigate the value of oral misoprostol in preventing postpartum hemorrhage. Methods A retrospective data analysis method was used to divide 1,600 cases of normal single fetus full-term pregnancy with vaginal delivery admitted to our hospital from January 2008 to December 2009 in our hospital. The study group of 800 patients, the second stage of labor after oral administration of misoprostol 600ug; control group of 800 cases, after the first fetal head was given intravenous oxytocin 20 u. The amount of bleeding 2 h postpartum, the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage, neonatal asphyxia and changes in blood pressure before and after treatment were observed. Results The amount of bleeding at 2 h postpartum was (168.45 ± 60.56) m l and (188.75 ± 95.32) m l in study group and control group, respectively. There was significant difference between the two groups (P <0.01). The incidence of postpartum hemorrhage was 1.25% in the study group and 3.75% in the control group, with significant difference between the two groups (P <0.01). Neonatal asphyxia and blood pressure before and after treatment showed no significant difference (P> 0.05). Conclusion Oral misoprostol is superior to oxytocin in preventing postpartum hemorrhage. It not only reduces the amount of postpartum hemorrhage, but also reduces the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage. It is convenient and safe to administer and easy to popularize.