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氟为黄绿色具有强烈剌激性气体,其化学性质极为活泼,能与多种元素化合,在空气中迅速化合成氟化氢(HF)。氟化氢是无色具有刺激性气体,易溶于水、水中氟化氢溶液称为萤石酸(氟氢酸)。氟及氟化物已广泛应用于工业;如氟化物可用于提取铝,氟的盐类在氟化铵、氟化锑、搪瓷、磷酸肥料等生产过程中均用到氟化物。在熔炼金属中氟作为催化剂,在翻砂制模中用于清除生铁铸件及酸洗毛玻璃等工业中。此外尚用于制造啤酒、肉类、乳品保存或装罐过程中皆应用硅氟酸。氟化物具有防腐作用,铁路枕木及电线木杆涂以氟化钠以防霉菌腐蚀。由于氟化物广泛在工业上应用,预防生
Fluorine is a yellow-green with a strong irritant gas, its chemical properties are extremely lively, with a variety of elements combined to rapidly synthesize hydrogen fluoride (HF) in the air. Hydrogen fluoride is colorless with irritating gas, soluble in water, water, hydrogen fluoride solution is called fluorite (hydrogen fluoride). Fluoride and fluoride have been widely used in industry; such as fluoride can be used to extract aluminum, fluoride salts in fluoride, antimony fluoride, enamel, phosphate fertilizer and other production processes are used fluoride. Fluorine as a catalyst in smelting metals is used in industries such as foundry cast iron and pickled ground glass for foundry molding. Also used in the manufacture of beer, meat, dairy storage or canning process is the application of silicofluoric acid. Fluoride has a preservative effect, railway sleepers and wire rod coated with sodium fluoride to prevent mold corrosion. As fluoride widely used in industry, prevention of health