动脉粥样硬化是心脑血管疾病的重要基础病理改变,而胆固醇在巨噬细胞内聚集和泡沫细胞形成是动脉粥样硬化的始动环节。ATP结合盒转运蛋白A1(ABCA1)是一种重要的胆固醇流出调节蛋白,能介导细胞内胆固醇逆向转运到细胞外,使之与载脂蛋白A-Ⅰ结合并包装形成高密度脂蛋白(HDL)的膜转运蛋白。因此,ABCA1是调节血浆HDL及细胞内胆固醇水平的重要膜蛋白,ABCA1的表达水平与动脉粥样硬化的发生关系密切。同时,细胞内脂质、核受体PPAR、LXR、RXR和细胞因子等对ABCA1蛋白表达具有调控作用。本文将ABCA1研究进展作一综述。 Atherosclerosis is an important basic pathological change of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. The accumulation of cholesterol in macrophages and the formation of foam cells are the first steps of atherosclerosis. ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) is an important cholesterol efflux regulator that mediates intracellular cholesterol transport reversibly to the outside of the cell, allowing it to bind to apolipoprotein A-I and packaging to form high-density lipoproteins (HDLs ) Of the membrane transporter. Therefore, ABCA1 is an important membrane protein that regulates plasma HDL and intracellular cholesterol. The expression level of ABCA1 is closely related to the development of atherosclerosis. At the same time, intracellular lipid, nuclear receptors PPAR, LXR, RXR and cytokines have a regulatory effect on ABCA1 protein expression. This article reviews the progress of ABCA1 research.