语境这一概念早已被人们应用于语言研究的各个学科,如社会语言学、心理语言学、功能语言学、交际语言学、模糊语言学、语义学、语法学、修辞学等等.然而,语境这一概念的含义到底是什么?目前学术界对它的解释和使用却相当宽泛灵活,随意性很大,术语也很不统一.有的专指同英语Context对译的“上下文”,有人把这种“上下文”叫作“语境”或曰“语言环境”.因为这是就各语言单位的相互关系而言的,属于语言范畴,而把围绕交际所构成的环境因素叫作“交际环境”或曰“言语环境”.有人又把前者称作“言语上下文”,把后者称作“情景上下文”.还有人把手势、表情、神态等称作“副语言环境”(Paralinguistic context).功能语言学中的“语域”,语义学中的“语义场”,语法学中的“语法场”,心理语言学中的“语意情景”等等,实际上也都是语境. The concept of context has long been applied to all disciplines of linguistic research, such as social linguistics, psycholinguistics, functional linguistics, communicative linguistics, vague linguistics, semantics, grammar, rhetoric, etc. However, What is the meaning of the concept of context in the end? At present, its interpretation and use in academia is quite broad and flexible, with a lot of randomness and terminology, and some specifically refer to Context as the “context” of English translation, Some people refer to this kind of “context” as “context” or “locale.” Because this is a linguistic category in terms of the interdependencies of various linguistic units and the environmental factor surrounding communication is called “ Communicative environment ”or“ speech environment. ”Some people refer to the former as the“ context of speech ”and the latter to the“ context of context. ”Others refer to gestures, facial expressions, demeanor as the Paralinguistic context The “register” in functional linguistics, the “semantic field” in semantics, the “grammar field” in grammar and the “semantic scenario” in psycholinguistics are all actually contexts.