论文部分内容阅读
噶玛兰语是我国台湾省噶玛兰人使用的语言,隶属南岛语系。噶玛兰自称“Kabaran”,清代归属“平埔番”。原分布台湾东北部兰阳平原沿海一带,以渔海为生,清代后期已逐步汉化。只有清嘉庆年间,一支自称“加礼宛”(Kariwan)的噶玛兰人迁徙花莲、台东等地,与阿眉斯人(Amis)杂居,保留了母语及传统文化。据日本学者调查,20世纪三、四十年代,噶玛兰语“属家庭内部或有限使用的语言”。(小川尚义,1935)目前仅两个村(花莲县丰滨乡新社村和台东县长滨乡樟原村)不足百人操用母语。(张永利,2000)本文以花莲县新社村的噶玛兰语为描写对象。噶玛兰语无文字,1991年台湾颁行《台湾南岛语言的语音符号系统》15种方案,其中包括噶玛兰语的文字方案。
Kavalan is a language used by Kavalan people in Taiwan Province of China, belonging to the South Island Language Department. Kavalan claims to be “Kabaran” and belongs to “Pingpu Fan” in the Qing Dynasty. Originally distributed along the coast of the Lanyang Plain in northeastern Taiwan, living in the sea of fishing, the latter part of the Qing Dynasty has gradually finished. Only during the Jiaqing reign, a Kavalan man who claimed to be “Kariwan” migrated to Hualien and Taitung to stay inhabited with Amis, retaining his native language and traditional culture. According to the survey conducted by Japanese scholars, in the 1930s and 1940s, Kavalan was “a family-owned or limited-use language.” (Ogawa Shangyi, 1935) Currently, only two villages (Hsintien County, Hsinneng County, Hsintien Township, and Zhangyuan Village, Binhbin Township, Taitung County) use less than 100 native speakers. (Zhang Yongli, 2000) This article is based on the description of Kavalan in Xinhe Village, Hualien County. In Kavalan, there are no texts. In 1991, Taiwan issued 15 programs of the “Voice Symbol System of Taiwan’s South Island Language”, including the text plan of Kavalan language.