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种子是生物繁衍循环的重要器官,为探究测定小麦种子活力的适宜方法,以5个小麦常规品种西农889、小偃22、西农2611、矮抗58、周麦18和1个杂交品系西杂13为材料,采用标准发芽试验、加速老化试验以及测定电导率、幼苗生长情况、吸光度、模拟田间出苗率等6种方法,对小麦种子的发芽势、发芽率,及幼苗干质量、种子活力指数、根长、苗长、电导率、吸光度等活力指标进行测定,并分析各活力指标与模拟田间出苗率间的相关性。结果表明,矮抗58、西农889、西农2611种子活力较高,西杂13种子活力最低;标准发芽势、标准发芽率应用具有局限性,不能作为评估小麦种子活力及其田间成苗能力的活力指标;各小麦基因型间种子活力水平存在明显差异;模拟田间出苗率与标准幼苗干质量、标准简化活力指数、苗长、老化发芽势呈显著或极显著正相关,与电导率、相对电导率、D260 nm呈显著负相关。由结果可知,这些指标是可以用来评估小麦种子的活力和田间成苗能力的。
In order to explore the suitable method for measuring the vigor of wheat seeds, five conventional wheat cultivars, XINNONG 889, Xiaoyan 22, XINNONG 2611, DIANKAN 58, ZHOUMAI 18 and a hybrid line West Miscellaneous 13 as the material, using the standard germination test, accelerated aging test and determination of conductivity, seedling growth, absorbance, simulated field emergence rate of six kinds of methods, the germination potential of wheat seeds, germination rate and seedling dry weight, seed vigor Index, root length, seedling length, electrical conductivity, absorbance and other indicators of vitality were measured, and the correlation between each activity index and simulated field emergence rate was analyzed. The results showed that the seed vigor of Aizhan 58, Xinong 889 and Xinong 2611 was the highest, and the seed vigor of Xiza 13 was the lowest. The application of standard germination potential and standard germination rate had limitations and could not be used to assess the seed vigor and the seedling capacity of wheat The vigor index of different wheat genotypes was significantly different. The seedling emergence rate in simulated field was significantly or very significantly positively correlated with standard simplified vigor index, seedling length and germination potential, Conductivity, D260 nm was significantly negatively correlated. From the results, we can see that these indexes can be used to evaluate the vigor of wheat seeds and the ability to grow in the field.