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进行大规模筛查试验来早期发现先天性甲状腺功能减低(下简称先天性甲低)患儿是内分泌学及预防医学的一项重大进展。1957年Wilkins等总结了治疗79例先天性甲低的结果,证实治疗越早效果越好。Klein等及MacFaul等也相继做出同样的结论,普遍认为生后3个月是分界线。以往因缺乏早期诊断的手段,故无法早期治疗,但自70年代以来,在用放射免疫法测定甲状腺素(T_4)、三碘甲腺原氨酸(T_3)及促甲状腺激素(TSH)等后,这方面已取得不少成果。本文就先天性甲低的早期诊断、治疗、随访及预后方面的新进展简述如下。
Large-scale screening tests to early detection of congenital hypothyroidism (hereinafter referred to as congenital hypothyroidism) is an important progress in endocrinology and preventive medicine. In 1957, Wilkins et al. Summarized the results of treating 79 cases of congenital hypothyroidism and confirmed that the earlier the treatment, the better the effect. Klein et al. And MacFaul et al. Have also made the same conclusion one after another, and it is generally accepted that the three months after birth are the dividing lines. In the past because of the lack of means of early diagnosis, it can not be treated early, but since the 1970s, after the determination of thyroxine (T_4), triiodothyronine (T_3) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) after radioimmunoassay In this respect, many achievements have been made. This article on congenital hypothyroidism early diagnosis, treatment, follow-up and prognosis of the new progress is summarized as follows.