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本文从后现代伦理的角度分析了托妮.莫里森的小说《宠儿》中塞丝杀婴行为所产生的伦理的悖论性,同时揭示了社群中所蕴涵和运作的矛盾结构,即晚期德里达所论述的免疫性与自身免疫性逻辑:每个社群在自我保护的同时,又在针对自身。这种结构存在于不同层面,美国的南北战争、黑人社群、塞丝同自己孩子的关系,甚至当前的反恐斗争都遵循这种逻辑。最后,本文指出,文学对于我们理解和把控当前世界局势的种种机制有着独特的优势和不可替代的作用。
From the perspective of postmodern ethics, this essay analyzes the paradox of ethics arising from Cecil’s infanticide in Toni Morrison’s novel Beloved, and at the same time reveals the contradiction between the implication and the operation in the community, that is, Logic of immunity and autoimmunity as discussed in later Derrida: Each community is self-protecting and at the same time self-sustaining. This structure exists at different levels. The logic is followed in the U.S. Civil War, Black Community, Seth’s relations with his own children and even the current fight against terrorism. Finally, this article points out that literature has unique advantages and irreplaceable functions for the various mechanisms by which we understand and control the current world situation.