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基于混凝土塑性损伤模型,建立了透水型拦挡坝三维数值计算模型,根据单因素理论,通过数值计算,揭示了拦挡坝排泄孔及坝趾附近最大拉应力及Mises等效应力随排泄孔高宽比、开孔数量、开孔率及开孔位置的变化规律;并对排泄孔不同开孔率条件下拦挡坝承受的极限冲击荷载进行了研究。结果表明:(1)最大拉应力随高宽比增大先减小后增大,随开孔率及开孔数目的增大基本保持不变,随垂直距离的增大而减小。Mises等效应力随高宽比的增大先减小后增大,随垂直距离的增大而减小,随着开孔率的增大而增大,随开孔数目的增大基本保持不变;(2)开孔会降低坝体抗拉强度且随着开孔率的提高,拦挡坝坝体承受的泥石流冲击力最大值呈降低趋势。该研究成果可为透水型拦挡坝结构设计与优化提供理论指导。
Based on the single factor theory and numerical calculation, the maximum tensile stress and Mises equivalent stress around the drainage holes and the toe of the dam are revealed based on the plastic damage model of concrete. The number of holes, the rate of hole opening and the location of holes were studied. The ultimate impact load of the block dams under different hole rates was studied. The results show that: (1) The maximum tensile stress decreases firstly and then increases with the increase of aspect ratio, but remains unchanged with the increase of the number of holes and the number of holes, and decreases with the increase of vertical distance. The Mises equivalent stress decreases first and then increases with the increase of aspect ratio, decreases with the increase of vertical distance, increases with the increase of aperture ratio, and basically remains unchanged with the increase of the number of openings (2) The opening will reduce the tensile strength of the dam, and with the increase of the opening rate, the maximum value of the impact force of debris flow sustained by the dam is decreasing. The research results can provide theoretical guidance for structural design and optimization of permeable dam.