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在各种机械部件制造中,不可避免会出现一个与设计理论尺寸的偏差,这个偏差通过一个规定公差来确定其允许值。这种小的制造偏差对水力机械的性能影响,常常包括在试验吸收功率特性时可能产生的测试误差的测量误差中。就变扭器而言,循环圆及变扭器工作轮的几何尺寸的制造公差必须严格掌握,因即使与类比模型有很小的偏差,也能对特性曲线造成影响。在机械制造中,制造公差可以严格控制,使其对性能的影响实际上保持在试验测量精度之内。铸造并最后经手工修整的工作轮例外,在这种情况下,偏差势必较大,不能再忽略其对性能的影响。本文研究了,一个变扭器其他全部尺寸保持不变,只有一个尺寸与理论尺寸有偏差时(即泵轮宽度变化)对变扭器特性的影响。这种偏差的绝对值在实践中最大可达到+2毫米。理论研究结果表明,变扭器之吸收功率虽然是变化的,可是主动扭矩与从动扭矩之比以及效率仍非常接近。测试结果与理论计算结果比较表明两者是非常一致的。
In the manufacture of various mechanical components, it is inevitable that a deviation from the design theoretical size will occur, which tolerance is determined by a specified tolerance. The effects of this small manufacturing deviation on the performance of a hydraulic machine are often included in the measurement error of the test error that may occur when the test absorbs power characteristics. In the case of torque converters, the manufacturing tolerances of the geometric dimensions of the circular toroid and the torque converter working wheel must be strictly controlled, since even minor deviations from the analogy model can have an effect on the characteristic curve. In machine construction, manufacturing tolerances can be tightly controlled so that their performance impact is actually kept within the experimental measurement accuracy. Except for the cast rounds that were cast and finally trimmed by hand, in this case the deviations are bound to be large and the impact on performance can no longer be neglected. In this paper, the effect of all the other dimensions of a torque converter on the characteristics of a torque converter remains the same only when one dimension deviates from the theoretical dimension (ie, the change in the width of the impeller). The absolute value of this deviation can be up to +2 mm in practice. Theoretical studies show that although the power absorbed by the torque converter is variable, the ratio of active torque to driven torque and the efficiency are still very close. The comparison between test results and theoretical calculation shows that the two are very consistent.