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目的评价重庆市碘缺乏病病区人群碘缺乏病防治知识干预效果情况,为今后的防治工作提供科学依据。方法在重庆市范围内选择13个项目县,在每个项目县选择3个项目乡,每个乡在中心小学校4～6年级开展学校健康教育活动;在上述项目学校的乡,选择3个村,开展农村社区健康教育。在项目实施前后分别调查小学生和家庭主妇的碘缺乏病防治知识知晓率,以评价健康教育效果。结果实施健康教育干预后,小学生碘缺乏病防治知识平均知晓率由基线调查的71.71%上升为效果评价的94.25%(χ2=632.06,P﹤0.01),平均提高22.54个百分点;家庭主妇平均知晓率由基线调查的57.32%上升为效果评价的88.49%(χ2=431.55,P﹤0.01),平均提高31.17个百分点。所有项目县均达到了碘缺乏病的健康教育项目的控制指标。结论健康教育活动可有效提高项目试点地区小学生、家庭主妇的碘缺乏病防治知识知晓率,应进一步加强碘缺乏病防治健康教育活动。
Objective To evaluate the effects of knowledge intervention on prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency disorders in Chongqing population with iodine deficiency disorders and provide scientific evidence for future prevention and treatment. Methods Thirteen project counties were selected within the scope of Chongqing Municipality, three project townships were selected in each project counties, and school health education activities were carried out in each township from the 4th to 6th grade of primary school. In the township of the above project schools, 3 villages , Carry out rural community health education. Before and after the implementation of the project, pupils and housewives were investigated for awareness of iodine deficiency disorders prevention and control knowledge to evaluate the effect of health education. Results After the implementation of health education intervention, the average awareness rate of knowledge about prevention and control of iodine deficiency disorders among primary school students increased from 71.71% of the baseline survey to 94.25% (χ2 = 632.06, P <0.01), an average increase of 22.54 percentage points. The average awareness of housewives From 57.32% of the baseline survey to 88.49% of the effect evaluation (χ2 = 431.55, P <0.01), an average increase of 31.17 percentage points. All project counties have reached the control index of Iodine deficiency disease health education programs. Conclusion Health education activities can effectively raise the awareness rate of iodine deficiency disorders prevention and control among primary school students and housewives in the pilot areas and should further strengthen the health education activities for the prevention and control of iodine deficiency disorders.