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在塑性加工中,金属的力学行为强烈依赖于所经历的应变路径;另外,有限元数值计算领域对应变路径效应的研究需求也越来越迫切。因此,应变路径效应的研究重新受到研究者的关注。结合文献调研和研究经历,详细介绍了目前应变路径效应的研究进展。首先介绍了应变路径的表征方法,并分析了各个表征方法的适用范围和局限性。其次,综述了应变路径对金属力学行为的影响规律,分析了导致应变路径效应的微观机理,并介绍了现有的几种考虑应变路径效应的数值模型,以及应变路径效应在塑性加工技术中的应用。最后,对金属材料力学行为中应变路径效应未来的研究方向进行了展望。
In plastic processing, the mechanical behavior of metal strongly depends on the path of strain experienced. In addition, the research on the effect of strain path in finite element numerical calculation is also becoming more and more urgent. Therefore, the research on the effect of strain path has been paid more attention by researchers. Combined with literature research and research experience, this paper introduces the research progress of the current strain path effect in detail. Firstly, the characterization method of strain path is introduced, and the applicable scope and limitations of each characterization method are analyzed. Secondly, the influence of strain path on the behavior of metal mechanics is reviewed. The microscopic mechanism of strain path effect is analyzed. Several existing numerical models considering the effect of strain path are introduced, and the effect of strain path in plastic processing technology application. Finally, the future research direction of strain path effect in the mechanical behavior of metallic materials is prospected.