“因俗而治”是我国古代统治阶级治理边疆少数民族地区的政策。清朝是继承中国历代传统而建立的统一多民族国家。清朝治理新疆这个多民族地区时,制定了适宜新疆的民族政策,即用“因俗而治”原则管理新疆。清政府治理新疆之“因俗而治”政策的实施有利也有弊。 “Because of vulgarity and rule” is the ancient ruling class in our country border areas inhabited by ethnic minority policies. The Qing Dynasty was a unified, multi-ethnic country established through the traditions of Chinese history. When the Qing Dynasty took control of the multi-ethnic region of Xinjiang, it formulated a national policy suitable for Xinjiang, that is, it managed Xinjiang with the principle of “rule by custom”. The Qing government to govern Xinjiang “vulgar and rule ” ’s policy implementation has the advantage and the disadvantage.