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Abstract. The phenomenon of alienation between teacher and university students and effect between companions is very obviously according investigation. There are many reasons which include social environment the system and management of higher education the teacher and the student. The companions have much active function. They can satisfy the belonging psychology of students, promote affective interaction experience and information exchange, help them rise ability of comprehension and action, and develop the interest and love of students and so on.
Keywords: alienation between teacher and university student, effect between companions, the cause.
1. Struction
The group of surveying status of study and life selected five universities called Southwest Jiaotong University Southwest Normal University Sichuan College Of Architectural Technology Chengdu University and Zengcheng College Of South China Normal University to provide seven hundreds questionnaire. The investigation data display that only 15.4%of students will discuss with teachers when they have problems. 54.3% of students are willing to discuss with classmates. 20% of students are willing to seek help from family or instructor, 55.2% of students will turn to classmates companion or net friends for help. They are not willing to communicate with patriarch and teacher. The relationship between teacher and student became aloof. The position of teacher is encountering challenge. The influence of companion becomes obvious. The causes of this phenomenon as follows:
2. The first cause is the social environment.
The university students gain knowledge not only by the way of teacher and classroom with the development of social, the deliver channel becoming multielement and the popularizing of internet. The dependent relationship between teacher and student descend gradually. The role of teacher becomes single day by day. The attractiveness of teacher fade gradually. Students born after 1990 like fresh things. They are willing to obtain knowledge from internet media and the press. They will seek help from baidu or internet forum. Campus internet forum or community becomes the main way of solving the problem in study and life. Because most of them are contemporary in the forum, they can communicate more easily.
3. The second cause is the system and management of higher education.
There is an inclination which prefers research to teaching in the distribution state professional titles judging scheme and teacher examine scheme. If a teacher wants to promote to a higher professional title, the key is his research status. For example, the quantity of works and core papers is very important. The reward of scientific research is very abundant, but the ward of teaching is very poor. The income of teaching of a semester can't compare with the bonus of an core paper. This kind of system makes teachers have to commit to scientific research. They are not willing to spend much time and energy in communicate with students. They usually come into classroom with the bell, and go out the classroom with the bell. Teaching just completes the basic workload. Teachers don't seek the quality of teaching, and they are simply the relationship of teaching and learning. Teacher always don't appear beside the formal teaching the students' dormitory or students' activities. They communicate little, so they alienate each other. Now, high school usually adopts the management mode of dormitory class college and school. Every student belongs to a member of some group. The management mode supplies a platform for communicating between students of different class grade and college. The own character of university curriculum setting is not conducive to communicate long-term for teachers and students. University Curriculum arranges very concentrate, class hour is short, and curriculum replaces rapidly and has not strong continuity. For example, the required course last one academic year or one semester, the elective course is more shorter, most of them only last half semester or a quarter semester. The teacher are different every semester, it will change teacher when they have not adapt the teaching style completely. So they can not know deeply each other between teachers and students. Not to mention establish deep feelings. The change of teachers is too frequently, but students can live together morning and night for four years. From know and familiar with each other to mutual dependent, the feeling established during the process is far deeper than the feeling of teachers and student.
Most universities have two or three campus, old and new campus, and department and division campus with the enrollment expansion of university. There is distance travelled between different campuses. The teacher goes from this campus to that campus for teaching by school bus. However, the time of school bus is strict limited. It makes the teacher goes to classroom on time, and goes out classroom on time. They must hurry to school bus, and have no time to communicate with students. But, the classmates have enough time to live together, especially for dormitory students. They go to class together, eat together, and play together. Even some students live together all day. They interact and blend in studying living and thought. A Chinese proverb say if you live with a lame person you will learn to limp. Students who are outstanding and gain scholarship usually live in the same dormitory. The appearance of polarization is special serious. They always go to classroom on time or truancy together.
4. The third is the cause of teachers.
The location of teacher selves deviates. The equal free and comfortable relationship between teachers and students has not been established. Teachers are the good teacher and helpful friend of students. They should have soul exchange and dialogue during the process of communicating among teachers and students. It can not only make students interested in learning, but also feel the charm of teachers. Some teachers are influenced by the idea of traditional teachers. They have superiority feeling in psychology. They show off high posture, so students have to set back. It makes them lose the chance of equal dialogue. Students are not interested in the content which teachers have taught, and some students are not adapted to the teaching method. Contemporary university students have wide knowledge, and they thirst for knowledge strongly. The receptive ability of fresh things is very strong. If the teachers only repeat what the books say, can not load his pages with references, and can not pass on the frontier knowledge of his course the students can not satisfied with them. Not researching teaching content and teaching method will make the students lose interesting and lose the main channel of communicating. A investigation about fail in university students show that almost half of the students consider the cause of fail is that they can not adapt the teaching method of the teachers.
The teachers don't have enough charm, and can not attract the students. Personality charm means that a person's nature temperament ability and moral character and so on are full of attractiveness. Good character broad and profound knowledge respect students and professional dedication are made of the individual charm of teachers. Aristotle said, Compare to others, people is more willing to believing in perfect persons when they have any problems, especially when they have different views. Personal character is the most effective means forever. This means is important any time. Home Linsky said, to educates, the example of teachers is most useful and irreplaceable. Ancient educators of China emphasized example are better than precept. So, the personal charm has the function of recessive education. The personal charm will permeate the teaching imperceptibly. It can shake the soul of students and make students come in for better education unconsciously. Some teachers don't lay emphasis on developing personal charm so that students are not interested in teachers and the courses.
The injustice that some teachers treat students brings about the alienation of teachers and students. Every student will weigh whether the behavior is justice or not. Once the student thinks the teacher is unjust they will not believe in the teacher so that the relationship of teacher and student is alien. Treating every student justly is the expression of good intention. Teachers must act fairly to all students and respect every student. The teachers of university especially the teacher who goes in for students affairs should just and make them feel justice.
5. The forth cause is the students. The expectation of university is very different from the reality. The expectation is an estimate which the fulfillment of need. The university students have too perfect expectation and plan, but the real campus always is different with the ideal kingdom and free kingdom in their heart. The losing and bafflement often make the students feel negative mood. For example, the enrolled specialty is not what they want. They can not play enough abilities. Vast and hazy in study, worried about employment, failed in examine, resentful with roll call in class will influence the accord development of relationship between teachers and students.
The students are short for the skill of communicating with teachers. The fresh students are accustomed to the initiative love and connection, and they are not used to communicate with teachers. They don't know how to communicate with teachers effectively, and lack of the methods and skills. They are afraid of offending teachers because of some language and behavior so that they are not willing to communicate with teachers. Yet, the classmates and friends can communicate free. They are more willing to tell them to the partners classmates and friends when they have difficulties because they can gain sympathy each other.
There are the problem of individual difference and nature. The natural character of present university students is good mostly, but still has some problems. There are extreme students firm students irritability students desirable student eccentric student introrsely student strong self-respect student sensitive student fragile student and so on. The students who are not healthy in psychology are more and more year by year. These students can not communicate with classmates and teachers, and even are hostile to the teacher.
6. The fifth cause is the positive influence of the peers.
The peer group also called contemporaries means the people who are same or similar in position interesting love and value. The sixteen file of The Central Committee of the Communist Party pointed out ideological and political education must insist on educating and self-educating. We should make use of the function of teachers and the party organizations effectively, and transfer the active and initiative effectively, guide them to self-education, self-management and self-service. A Chinese scholar called Wang Jian wrote a book educational research the daily life of students pointed out the life world is the basic and origin of educational world. The effectiveness and meaning will return the life world finally. An American social psychologist called M. Mead thought the influence of peer group is so strong that it can change the way of traditional cultural transmitting. Actually, the peer group has become the main field of daily life of university students. The reason of closing to peers is not only the objective causes have mentioned but also the positive function of the peers. It includes four aspects as follows.
It can content with the needs of feeling communicating and belongingness. Correlation studies show the need of survive and safety stepped second and the need of belongingness become the top to university students. The fresh men far away parents for first time. They all have a feeling of aloneness. The psychological need of communicating and belongingness is very strong. The peers can satisfy the need of communicating belongingness and respecting and favor with the development of physical and mental health because of the character of free equal open understanding and respecting.
It can promote the communication of life experience and social information, and satisfy the needs of learning and growth needs. An important aspect of psychological characters is strong curious, thirst for knowledge and hope social integration as quickly as possible. University education and book knowledge are the two important ways. But, the knowledge from these traditional ways can not content with the needs of growth of university students far away. The communication between peer groups becomes an important way of acquiring information. The information from peer groups is more direct more free and deep.
It can promote academic progress, the development of interest and help students to coordinate development in the round. The members of peer groups not only sustain each other in lives and feelings but also help and advance each other in learning in order to advance together. The peer group made up with high achievement students is same with university culture in learning expectation and community responsibility. They share the learning experience in order to advance together and seek excellent object. The example of peers also can transmit value of behavior. So it can encourage the companion to work hard.
It can help university student promote the comprehension and act ability of social role, and acquire code of conduct. Learn and comprehend all kinds of social role and code of conduct is very important in the process of socializing of university students. Although, the peer groups are informal groups formed spontaneously, every member of peer groups has their own particular role and position. They have unwritten code of conduct inside peer groups, but, if there is phenomenon of violate the rules, he will suffer some punishment. So, members of peer groups always obey these rules of their own free will in order to avoid the pressure and repel inside. These are the foundation of known the social role correctly and obey all kinds of social regulation self-conscious.
The function of peer groups has the difference of positive and negative. The teacher must pay attention to distinguish the positive and negative functions, lead the positive functions of peer group correctly, and strengthen the guiding role prevent the negative functions. Make the teacher and student strength becomes a unity in order to promote the university resources integrated effectively and operate stable. It also can form a join force of social university and family, and promote the students' overall development together.
References
[1] David Popenoe. Sociology. Prentice Hall. 1991.
[2] Wang Jian. Educational Research: the daily life of students. Theory Weekly of Guangming Daily.2006.7.10
[3] Margaret Mead. Coming of Age in Samoa. HarperColins. 2001.
Keywords: alienation between teacher and university student, effect between companions, the cause.
1. Struction
The group of surveying status of study and life selected five universities called Southwest Jiaotong University Southwest Normal University Sichuan College Of Architectural Technology Chengdu University and Zengcheng College Of South China Normal University to provide seven hundreds questionnaire. The investigation data display that only 15.4%of students will discuss with teachers when they have problems. 54.3% of students are willing to discuss with classmates. 20% of students are willing to seek help from family or instructor, 55.2% of students will turn to classmates companion or net friends for help. They are not willing to communicate with patriarch and teacher. The relationship between teacher and student became aloof. The position of teacher is encountering challenge. The influence of companion becomes obvious. The causes of this phenomenon as follows:
2. The first cause is the social environment.
The university students gain knowledge not only by the way of teacher and classroom with the development of social, the deliver channel becoming multielement and the popularizing of internet. The dependent relationship between teacher and student descend gradually. The role of teacher becomes single day by day. The attractiveness of teacher fade gradually. Students born after 1990 like fresh things. They are willing to obtain knowledge from internet media and the press. They will seek help from baidu or internet forum. Campus internet forum or community becomes the main way of solving the problem in study and life. Because most of them are contemporary in the forum, they can communicate more easily.
3. The second cause is the system and management of higher education.
There is an inclination which prefers research to teaching in the distribution state professional titles judging scheme and teacher examine scheme. If a teacher wants to promote to a higher professional title, the key is his research status. For example, the quantity of works and core papers is very important. The reward of scientific research is very abundant, but the ward of teaching is very poor. The income of teaching of a semester can't compare with the bonus of an core paper. This kind of system makes teachers have to commit to scientific research. They are not willing to spend much time and energy in communicate with students. They usually come into classroom with the bell, and go out the classroom with the bell. Teaching just completes the basic workload. Teachers don't seek the quality of teaching, and they are simply the relationship of teaching and learning. Teacher always don't appear beside the formal teaching the students' dormitory or students' activities. They communicate little, so they alienate each other. Now, high school usually adopts the management mode of dormitory class college and school. Every student belongs to a member of some group. The management mode supplies a platform for communicating between students of different class grade and college. The own character of university curriculum setting is not conducive to communicate long-term for teachers and students. University Curriculum arranges very concentrate, class hour is short, and curriculum replaces rapidly and has not strong continuity. For example, the required course last one academic year or one semester, the elective course is more shorter, most of them only last half semester or a quarter semester. The teacher are different every semester, it will change teacher when they have not adapt the teaching style completely. So they can not know deeply each other between teachers and students. Not to mention establish deep feelings. The change of teachers is too frequently, but students can live together morning and night for four years. From know and familiar with each other to mutual dependent, the feeling established during the process is far deeper than the feeling of teachers and student.
Most universities have two or three campus, old and new campus, and department and division campus with the enrollment expansion of university. There is distance travelled between different campuses. The teacher goes from this campus to that campus for teaching by school bus. However, the time of school bus is strict limited. It makes the teacher goes to classroom on time, and goes out classroom on time. They must hurry to school bus, and have no time to communicate with students. But, the classmates have enough time to live together, especially for dormitory students. They go to class together, eat together, and play together. Even some students live together all day. They interact and blend in studying living and thought. A Chinese proverb say if you live with a lame person you will learn to limp. Students who are outstanding and gain scholarship usually live in the same dormitory. The appearance of polarization is special serious. They always go to classroom on time or truancy together.
4. The third is the cause of teachers.
The location of teacher selves deviates. The equal free and comfortable relationship between teachers and students has not been established. Teachers are the good teacher and helpful friend of students. They should have soul exchange and dialogue during the process of communicating among teachers and students. It can not only make students interested in learning, but also feel the charm of teachers. Some teachers are influenced by the idea of traditional teachers. They have superiority feeling in psychology. They show off high posture, so students have to set back. It makes them lose the chance of equal dialogue. Students are not interested in the content which teachers have taught, and some students are not adapted to the teaching method. Contemporary university students have wide knowledge, and they thirst for knowledge strongly. The receptive ability of fresh things is very strong. If the teachers only repeat what the books say, can not load his pages with references, and can not pass on the frontier knowledge of his course the students can not satisfied with them. Not researching teaching content and teaching method will make the students lose interesting and lose the main channel of communicating. A investigation about fail in university students show that almost half of the students consider the cause of fail is that they can not adapt the teaching method of the teachers.
The teachers don't have enough charm, and can not attract the students. Personality charm means that a person's nature temperament ability and moral character and so on are full of attractiveness. Good character broad and profound knowledge respect students and professional dedication are made of the individual charm of teachers. Aristotle said, Compare to others, people is more willing to believing in perfect persons when they have any problems, especially when they have different views. Personal character is the most effective means forever. This means is important any time. Home Linsky said, to educates, the example of teachers is most useful and irreplaceable. Ancient educators of China emphasized example are better than precept. So, the personal charm has the function of recessive education. The personal charm will permeate the teaching imperceptibly. It can shake the soul of students and make students come in for better education unconsciously. Some teachers don't lay emphasis on developing personal charm so that students are not interested in teachers and the courses.
The injustice that some teachers treat students brings about the alienation of teachers and students. Every student will weigh whether the behavior is justice or not. Once the student thinks the teacher is unjust they will not believe in the teacher so that the relationship of teacher and student is alien. Treating every student justly is the expression of good intention. Teachers must act fairly to all students and respect every student. The teachers of university especially the teacher who goes in for students affairs should just and make them feel justice.
5. The forth cause is the students. The expectation of university is very different from the reality. The expectation is an estimate which the fulfillment of need. The university students have too perfect expectation and plan, but the real campus always is different with the ideal kingdom and free kingdom in their heart. The losing and bafflement often make the students feel negative mood. For example, the enrolled specialty is not what they want. They can not play enough abilities. Vast and hazy in study, worried about employment, failed in examine, resentful with roll call in class will influence the accord development of relationship between teachers and students.
The students are short for the skill of communicating with teachers. The fresh students are accustomed to the initiative love and connection, and they are not used to communicate with teachers. They don't know how to communicate with teachers effectively, and lack of the methods and skills. They are afraid of offending teachers because of some language and behavior so that they are not willing to communicate with teachers. Yet, the classmates and friends can communicate free. They are more willing to tell them to the partners classmates and friends when they have difficulties because they can gain sympathy each other.
There are the problem of individual difference and nature. The natural character of present university students is good mostly, but still has some problems. There are extreme students firm students irritability students desirable student eccentric student introrsely student strong self-respect student sensitive student fragile student and so on. The students who are not healthy in psychology are more and more year by year. These students can not communicate with classmates and teachers, and even are hostile to the teacher.
6. The fifth cause is the positive influence of the peers.
The peer group also called contemporaries means the people who are same or similar in position interesting love and value. The sixteen file of The Central Committee of the Communist Party pointed out ideological and political education must insist on educating and self-educating. We should make use of the function of teachers and the party organizations effectively, and transfer the active and initiative effectively, guide them to self-education, self-management and self-service. A Chinese scholar called Wang Jian wrote a book educational research the daily life of students pointed out the life world is the basic and origin of educational world. The effectiveness and meaning will return the life world finally. An American social psychologist called M. Mead thought the influence of peer group is so strong that it can change the way of traditional cultural transmitting. Actually, the peer group has become the main field of daily life of university students. The reason of closing to peers is not only the objective causes have mentioned but also the positive function of the peers. It includes four aspects as follows.
It can content with the needs of feeling communicating and belongingness. Correlation studies show the need of survive and safety stepped second and the need of belongingness become the top to university students. The fresh men far away parents for first time. They all have a feeling of aloneness. The psychological need of communicating and belongingness is very strong. The peers can satisfy the need of communicating belongingness and respecting and favor with the development of physical and mental health because of the character of free equal open understanding and respecting.
It can promote the communication of life experience and social information, and satisfy the needs of learning and growth needs. An important aspect of psychological characters is strong curious, thirst for knowledge and hope social integration as quickly as possible. University education and book knowledge are the two important ways. But, the knowledge from these traditional ways can not content with the needs of growth of university students far away. The communication between peer groups becomes an important way of acquiring information. The information from peer groups is more direct more free and deep.
It can promote academic progress, the development of interest and help students to coordinate development in the round. The members of peer groups not only sustain each other in lives and feelings but also help and advance each other in learning in order to advance together. The peer group made up with high achievement students is same with university culture in learning expectation and community responsibility. They share the learning experience in order to advance together and seek excellent object. The example of peers also can transmit value of behavior. So it can encourage the companion to work hard.
It can help university student promote the comprehension and act ability of social role, and acquire code of conduct. Learn and comprehend all kinds of social role and code of conduct is very important in the process of socializing of university students. Although, the peer groups are informal groups formed spontaneously, every member of peer groups has their own particular role and position. They have unwritten code of conduct inside peer groups, but, if there is phenomenon of violate the rules, he will suffer some punishment. So, members of peer groups always obey these rules of their own free will in order to avoid the pressure and repel inside. These are the foundation of known the social role correctly and obey all kinds of social regulation self-conscious.
The function of peer groups has the difference of positive and negative. The teacher must pay attention to distinguish the positive and negative functions, lead the positive functions of peer group correctly, and strengthen the guiding role prevent the negative functions. Make the teacher and student strength becomes a unity in order to promote the university resources integrated effectively and operate stable. It also can form a join force of social university and family, and promote the students' overall development together.
References
[1] David Popenoe. Sociology. Prentice Hall. 1991.
[2] Wang Jian. Educational Research: the daily life of students. Theory Weekly of Guangming Daily.2006.7.10
[3] Margaret Mead. Coming of Age in Samoa. HarperColins. 2001.