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中国古代,知识分子虽说数量不多,但对整个社会产生了巨大的影响,知识精英很容易转变成社会精英和政治精英,尤其是科举制出现以后,朝为田舍郎,暮登天子堂的社会流动渠道对很多耕读传家的民间知识分子有很大的吸引力。知识分子也因此成为权力阶级的附庸,学而优则仕的观念影响了后世的几乎所有中国人。因此,有学者指出,中国古代有独立人格的知识分子止于竹林七贤,笔者同意这个观点。本文将以竹林七贤为对象分析何为知识分子的独立人格以及为什么竹林七贤可以称作中国古代最后一代有独立人格的知识分子。
In ancient China, although the number of the intellectuals was small, they had a huge impact on the entire society. The intellectual elite could easily turn into the social elites and the political elites. Especially after the emergence of the system of the Imperial Examination, the society headed by Tian Tian Lang and Twilight Hall of Heaven The flow channels are very attractive to many non-governmental intellectuals who are plowing their families. As a result, intellectuals became the vassal of the power class, and the concept of learning and acting influenced almost all future generations of Chinese. Therefore, some scholars pointed out that in ancient China, independent intellectuals stopped at the Seven Sects of Bamboo. I agree with this view. In this paper, we analyze the independent personality of intellectuals based on the Seven Sages of Bamboo Grove and why the Seven Sages of Bamboo can be called the last generation of independent intellectuals in ancient China.