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故宫博物院收藏有数量可观的当年宫廷生活中使用的各类玻璃镜,其中有来自西方的,也有清宫造办处制作的,工艺特点、装饰纹样各具特色。考察清宫廷生活中的玻璃镜,不仅可以看到外来文化对宫廷生活的影响,还将更多地了解清朝宫廷生活的变迁。本文根据现有文献与实物材料,初步勾勒出清宫玻璃镜来源、品种、工艺的大致轮廓。需要指出的是,清宫造办处所制作的玻璃镜仅仅是为了满足皇家部分部分社会的需求,传播十分有限,因此也制约了中国玻璃镜的制造与推广。直到清代晚期,中国民族工业有了一定的发展后,玻璃镜才开始在社会上得到普及。
The Palace Museum has a large collection of various kinds of glass mirrors used in the court life at that time. Among them are from the West, but also the Qing Zhuang Office for the production, the process characteristics, decorative patterns have their own characteristics. Investigating the glass mirror in court life can not only see the influence of foreign culture on court life, but also understand more about the changes of court life in the Qing Dynasty. Based on the existing literature and physical materials, this article initially outlined the general outline of the sources, varieties and techniques of glass mirror in Qing Palace. What needs to be pointed out is that the glass mirrors made by Qinggongzhi Office are only limited to satisfy the needs of some parts of the royal family. Transmission is very limited, and this also restricts the manufacture and promotion of Chinese glass mirrors. Until the late Qing Dynasty, China’s national industry has a certain development, the glass mirror began to gain popularity in the community.