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目的研究钝物撞击下颏时，下颌骨—颞下颌关节—颅骨复合体动载荷的变化特征。方法１２具羊头颅随机分为两组，进行交叉对照实验；第一组先以ｖ１＝１．１ｍ／ｓ速度撞击３次，然后ｖ２＝１．６ｍ／ｓ速度撞击３次；第二组的实验顺序则相反。２具人头颅先后分别以ｖ１，ｖ２被撞击３次。所有实验均由同一撞击物沿下颏至两颞颌关节连线的垂直方向撞击。结果在本实验条件下，（１）羊头颅交叉撞击实验表明，重复撞击对实验结果无影响（Ｐ＞０．０５）。（２）人头颅ｖ１撞击时间ｔ（４４．１４±３．３３ｍｓ）大于ｖ２（３９．２３±１．６０ｍｓ），但无显著差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）；但ｖ１撞击力ＦＰ（１６９．２０±２３．５８Ｎ）和撞击力ＦＳ（１０５．３７±２０．９６Ｎ）均显著小于ｖ２（３１９．４２±３５．７Ｎ，１５５．６７±２５．６７Ｎ）（Ｐ＜０．０１）。（３）若撞击速度相同，人头颅ｔ显著大于羊头颅（Ｐ＜０．０１），但是ＦＰ小于羊头颅（Ｐ＜０．０１）；二者撞击力变化曲线明显不同。结论（１）实验获得人下颏受钝物撞击的动载荷。（２）人类的颞颌关节的解剖结构使其能较好地缓冲外界冲击。（３）对于同一撞击对象，当撞击速度增加时，撞击持续时间减小，但撞击力和滑动力增加
Objective To study the changes of dynamic load of the mandible - temporomandibular joint - skull complex when blunt objects impact the chin. Method 12 Sheep skull were randomly divided into two groups, the cross-control experiment; the first group first with v1 = 1.1m / s speed impact 3 times, then v2 = 1.6m / s speed impact 3 times; the second group The experimental order is the opposite. 2 have head were respectively v1, v2 was hit 3 times. All experiments were impacted by the same striker along the vertical line between the chin and two temporomandibular joints. Results Under the experimental conditions, (1) Sheep cross-head impact experiments showed that repeated impact had no effect on the experimental results (P> 0.05). (2) The impact time of human skull v1 was 44.14 ± 3.33 ms (t) was greater than v2 (39.23 ± 1.60 ms), but no significant difference (p> 0.05). 20 ± 23.58N) and impact force FS (105.37 ± 20.96N) were significantly lower than those of v2 (319.42 ± 35.7N, 155.67 ± 25.67N) (P <0.01). (3) If the impact velocity is the same, the skull t is significantly larger than the skull (P <0.01), but the FP is smaller than that of the skull (P <0.01). Conclusions (1) The experiment obtains the dynamic load of human chin subjected to blunt impact. (2) The anatomy of the human temporomandibular joint makes it better to buffer the external impact. (3) For the same impact object, when the impact speed increases, the impact duration decreases, but the impact force and sliding force increase