1引言医院内感染(院内感染)的防治是临床医师的经常性工作。在采取的措施中,抗菌药的应用已占重要地位。近30年来,可供选用的抗菌药越来越多。尽管抗菌药对防治院内感染起了很大作用,但防治耐药菌所致院内感染仍十分困难。目前,重新评价抗菌药的应用有积极的现实意义。2发生院 1 Introduction Prevention and treatment of nosocomial infections (nosocomial infections) is a clinician’s regular work. In the measures taken, the application of antimicrobial drugs has taken an important position. The past 30 years, more and more antibiotics available for selection. Although antimicrobial agents play a significant role in the prevention and treatment of nosocomial infections, it is still very difficult to prevent and control nosocomial infections caused by resistant bacteria. At present, the re-evaluation of the application of antibacterials has a positive and practical significance. 2 occurred hospital