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目的一方面探讨口服小剂量干扰素治疗婴幼儿病毒肠炎的疗效和不良反应;另一方面与利巴韦林比较临床疗效。方法笔者把180例腹泻患儿随机分为对照组和治疗组各90例进行临床观察。两组均给于调整饮食、保护肠黏膜、微生态疗法、防止或纠正脱水和酸碱平衡紊乱。在此基础上常规组给于利巴韦林治疗,剂量10mg/(kg·d)口服或静脉滴注;治疗组则给于小剂量干扰素-a2a口服,剂量5万U/(kg·d)。结果治疗组平均退热时间(28.3±10.5)h,止泻时间(52.6±12.4)h,病程(97.2±21.9)h,总有效率达98%,显效率达84.4%;对照组平均退热时间(51.3±15.3)h,止泻时间(93.7±17.8)h,病程(134.4±35.7)h,总有效率达71.1%,显效率达60%,两组差异有显著性(P<0.01)。治疗组总有效率98%,对照组71.1%,两组比较差异有统计学意义,(χ2=24.48P<0.01)。结论口服小剂量干扰素治疗婴幼儿腹泻病毒性肠炎临床疗效显著于利巴韦林组,无明显的毒副作用,且减少了干扰素肌肉注射带来的疼痛和发热,有临床推广的价值。
Objective To explore the efficacy and adverse reactions of oral small interferon in the treatment of infant viral enteritis on the one hand, and to compare the efficacy with ribavirin on the other hand. Methods The author of 180 cases of children with diarrhea were randomly divided into control group and treatment group of 90 cases of clinical observation. Both groups are given to adjust the diet, protect the intestinal mucosa, micro-ecological therapy to prevent or correct dehydration and acid-base balance disorders. On this basis, the conventional group was treated with ribavirin at a dose of 10 mg / (kg · d) orally or intravenously; the treatment group was orally administered with a small dose of interferon-a2a at a dose of 50,000 U / (kg · d ). Results The average effective rate of fever was (28.3 ± 10.5) h, anti-diarrhea time was (52.6 ± 12.4) h, duration of disease was (97.2 ± 21.9) h, total effective rate was 98% and effective rate was 84.4% (51.3 ± 15.3) h, antidiarrheal time (93.7 ± 17.8) h, course of disease (134.4 ± 35.7) h, the total effective rate was 71.1%, the effective rate was 60%, the difference was significant (P <0.01) . The total effective rate was 98% in the treatment group and 71.1% in the control group, with significant difference between the two groups (χ2 = 24.48 P <0.01). Conclusion The clinical efficacy of oral low-dose interferon in the treatment of infantile diarrhea viral enteritis is significant in the ribavirin group, with no obvious side effects. It also reduces the pain and fever caused by intramuscular injection of interferon and has clinical value.