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目的 :为创伤骨科提供四肢常用骨牵引部位的形态学依据。方法 :对 10 0例成人尸体四肢骨标本 ,3 0例成人尸体四肢标本进行解剖 ,观察骨的不同方位毗邻的血管和神经。结果 :股骨下端内上髁上方 2 0mm处 ,矢状径为 ( 2 0 0 6± 2 5 2 )mm ,冠状径 ( 4 2 96± 2 66)mm ;股骨粗隆最突部矢状径为 ( 3 4 4 6± 2 91)mm ,冠状径 ( 5 4 4 3± 3 82 )mm ;胫骨粗隆最突部矢状径为 ( 4 1 3 6± 3 5 4 )mm ;冠状径 ( 3 5 90± 3 66)mm ;尺骨冠突部矢状径为 ( 3 1 69± 2 3 1)mm ;冠状径为 ( 2 1 18± 2 2 7)mm ;跟骨距后下缘的前上方 2 0mm处 ,冠状径为 ( 2 1 18± 2 2 7)mm。这些部位骨剖面的结构表层均为薄层骨皮质 ,内为较密骨松质 ,在骨的不同方位毗邻重要的血管和神经。结论 :临床上可根据牵引部位的形态特点注意选择适当的骨牵引器具、牵引穿针部位和方向 ,以防止骨牵引术所致的并发症
OBJECTIVE: To provide the morphological evidence for traumatic orthopedics for the common traction parts of limbs. Methods: The extremities and extremities of 100 adult cadaveric extremities and 30 adult cadaveric extremities were dissected to observe the adjacent vessels and nerves in different directions. Results: The sagittal diameter was (20 6 ± 2 5 2) mm and the diameter of the coronoid (4 2 96 ± 2 66) mm at 20 mm above the inferior epicondyle at the inferior femur. The sagittal diameter of the most protruding part of the femur was (3 446 ± 2 91) mm, and coronal diameter (5443 ± 3 82) mm respectively. The sagittal diameter of the most protruding part of tibial tuberosity was (41 6 ± 3 54) mm. Coronal diameter 5 90 ± 3 66) mm. The sagittal diameter of the coronoid process was (3 1 69 ± 2 3 1) mm and the coronal diameter was (2 1 18 ± 2 2 7) mm. 2 0mm at the coronal diameter (2 1 18 ± 2 2 7) mm. The structural surface of the cross-section of these parts are thin cortical bone, the more dense within the cancellous, adjacent to the bone in different directions adjacent to the important blood vessels and nerves. Conclusion: According to the morphological characteristics of the traction site, we can select the appropriate bone traction device and pull the needle and direction to prevent the complications caused by the bone traction