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(接上期)3.玉米锈病玉米锈病包括普通锈病、南方锈病、热带锈病及秆锈病4种,我国玉米上常见的为普通锈病。锈病多见于玉米生长中后期,部分年份的局部地区会严重发病,造成植株早枯,籽粒不饱满而严重减产。特别是近年来由于气候条件的适宜和感病品种的大面积种植,使玉米锈病有一定程度的流行危害,一般减产10%～20%,重的达30%以上。玉米锈病主要由担子菌亚门的高粱柄锈菌(图1)侵染所引起。另外在台湾和海南岛等地区,还可由多堆柄锈菌(图2)侵染引起。玉米壳锈菌还能引起热带型玉米锈病。图1高粱柄锈菌夏孢子图2多堆柄锈菌形态图
(Connected to the period) 3. Corn rust Corn rust, including common rust, southern rust, tropical rust and stem rust 4 species, common on China’s corn common rust. Rust is more common in the late maize growth, part of the year in some areas will be severely ill, causing plants to dry early, the grain is not full but seriously reduced production. In recent years, due to the suitable climatic conditions and large-scale cultivation of susceptible cultivars, corn rusts have a certain degree of epidemic hazards, generally reducing production by 10% to 20% and weighing up to 30% or more. Corn rust is mainly caused by the infection of Sorghum rust fungus (Fig. 1) of the Basidiomycotina. In addition, in Taiwan and Hainan Island and other regions, but also by the reactor heap rust (Figure 2) caused by infection. Corn rust can also cause tropical corn rust. Figure 1 Sorghum rust Puccinum spore Figure 2 multi-reactor rust morphology