氨基甙类抗生素包括链霉素、卡那霉素、庆大霉素、妥布霉素和丁胺卡那霉素等,因其能有效地干扰细菌蛋白的合成,故属杀菌性抗生素。庆大霉素是氨基甙类抗生素中作用较强者之一,又较常用,故本文着重谈庆大霉素的合理应用。庆大霉素主要对革兰氏阴性菌有杀灭作用,对某些阳性菌(如葡萄球菌)也有较强的作用。由大肠杆菌、克氏肺炎杆菌、变形杆菌、吲哚阳性菌(包括雷极氏普鲁威登氏菌、摩根氏菌和普通变形菌)、 Aminoglycoside antibiotics include streptomycin, kanamycin, gentamicin, tobramycin and amikacin, etc., because it can effectively interfere with the synthesis of bacterial proteins, it is a bactericidal antibiotic. Gentamycin is one of the more effective aminoglycoside antibiotics, and more commonly used, so this article focuses on the rational use of gentamicin. Gentamycin mainly kill Gram-negative bacteria, but also for some positive bacteria (such as staphylococcus) also has a strong role. From E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus, indole-positive bacteria (including Lerebrae spp., Morganella and Proteus vulgaris),