沈从文踏上文学道路伊始就接触到与尼采有关的信息,并由此确立了三种尼采形象,即文学家尼采、哲学家尼采与启蒙者尼采形象。其中启蒙者尼采形象对沈从文的知识分子论与文学观产生了比较明显的影响。与此同时,沈从文在处置尼采的思想表现出理性与批评态度,既灵活化用,又有所背离。 From the beginning of his literary career, Shen Congwen came into contact with Nietzsche and established three images of Nietzsche, namely, the literary man Nietzsche, the philosopher Nietzsche and the Enlightenment Nietzsche. Among them, Enlightenment Nietzsche’s image has a more obvious influence on Shen Congwen’s theory of intellectuals and literature. At the same time, Shen Congwen’s attitude in dealing with Nietzsche shows a rational and critical attitude that is both flexible and deviant.