论文部分内容阅读
报道了农药污染对蚯蚓的群落结构与超微结构影响的研究，结果表明：随着农药污染程度增加，蚯蚓的种类和数量则减少。超微结构在扫描电镜下可观察到重污染区壮伟环毛蚓（Ｐｈｅｒｅｔｉｍａｒｏｂｕｓｔａ）胃粘膜出现溃疡灶，并产生穿孔现象；在中污染区只有微绒毛萎缩病变；在重污染区发现肠粘膜上的纤毛发生紊乱及萎缩，纤毛顶端膨大呈球形。对精子观察可见在中污染区就出现了畸形精子。在透射电镜下观察可见重污染区壮伟环毛蚓胃肠道粘膜上皮细胞中的粗面内质网（ＲＥＲ）出现扩张，高尔基复合体也产生扩张状，线粒体发生肿胀，线粒体嵴消失呈空泡状。另可见细胞核膜间隙扩张、断裂，核染色质边集或减少，胞质呈大片空白。蚯蚓以上病变指标均能很灵敏反映土壤农药污染程度。
The effects of pesticide contamination on the community structure and ultrastructure of earthworms were reported. The results showed that the types and quantities of earthworms decreased with the increase of pesticide pollution. Ultrastructure The ulcer foci of Pheretimarobusta gastric mucosa were observed under the scanning electron microscope, and perforation occurred in the mucosa of gastric mucosa; only the microvilli were found in the contaminated area; in the heavily contaminated area, intestinal mucosa was found Ciliated disorders and atrophy, cilia top was spherical. The sperm observation shows that in the contaminated area appeared abnormal sperm. Under the transmission electron microscope, the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) in the gastrointestinal mucosal epithelial cells of Euphausia maxima of the heavily polluted area was dilated, the Golgi complex also expanded, the mitochondria swelled and the mitochondrial cristae disappeared Bubble. Another visible nuclear membrane gap expansion, fracture, nuclear chromatin edge set or decrease, the cytoplasm was a large blank. Above the indicators of earthworms can be very sensitive to reflect the degree of contamination of soil pesticides.