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四、非晶态超晶格材料 1.非晶态半导体叙述非晶态超晶格材料之前,先介绍非晶态半导体。非晶态半导体有时也称为无定形或玻璃态半导体。非晶态半导体与晶体半导体不同,在原子排列上不具有长程有序,但具有短程有序的排列。非晶态半导体具有如下几个代表性的特点: 1)在某种程度上可改变其物理常数; 2)非晶态半导体由均匀物质组成,没有晶粒间界; 3)热学上处于非平衡状态等。在非晶态物质中也和晶体物质一样,有金属、半导体和绝缘体等非晶态材料,但在这里将介绍以非晶态硅(a-Si)为中心的半导体非晶态材料。
Fourth, non-crystalline superlattice material 1. Amorphous semiconductor narrative amorphous superlattice material before the introduction of amorphous semiconductors. Amorphous semiconductors are sometimes referred to as amorphous or glassy semiconductors. Unlike amorphous semiconductors, amorphous semiconductors do not have long-range order in atomic arrangement, but have short-range ordered arrangement. Amorphous semiconductors have the following typical characteristics: 1) to some extent, its physical constants can be changed; 2) amorphous semiconductors consist of homogeneous material without intergranular boundaries; 3) thermally unbalanced Status and so on. Amorphous materials include amorphous materials such as metals, semiconductors, and insulators as well as crystalline materials. However, a semiconductor amorphous material centered on amorphous silicon (a-Si) will be introduced here.