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本文报导了两种不锈钢(AISI 304和 AISI 304L)在2～20K 之间的比热值。这些值是用标准绝热量热法测量的。最终结果表明其热性质可大致与 AISI 310S 不锈钢相比,但由于没有磁性群集(Magnetic clusters),这说明它更适合在低温下工作。在低温系统中,不锈钢通常用作结构材料。为了合理设计,了解这种合金的比热值是很重要的。最近柯林斯等人对 AISI 310S 不锈钢已做了量热测量。这些测量结果表明,在与温度无关的比热贡献情况下,超顺磁性或许是由于磁性群集所产生的。新近,Corsan 和 Mitchem 报导了对于一系列实验室生产的 Fe—Cr—Ni 合金从4K 到室温间的比热测量情况,其中铬(Cr)成分的重量百分比为12～24%,镍成分的重量百分比为12～20%。当4K 测量时,所测得的比热误差高达30%。然而,对于最普通的低温结构不锈钢—AISI 304来说,还没有过这样好的数据,本文描述了对 AISI 304和AISI 304L 型不锈钢低温比热测量的结果。L 代表低碳含量。
This article reports the specific heat value of two stainless steels (AISI 304 and AISI 304L) between 2 and 20K. These values are measured using standard adiabatic calorimetry. The end result shows that its thermal properties are roughly comparable to those of AISI 310S stainless steel, but because of the absence of magnetic clusters, it is more suitable for operation at low temperatures. In cryogenic systems, stainless steel is commonly used as a structural material. In order to rational design, understanding the specific heat of this alloy is very important. Collins et al. Have recently conducted calorimetry measurements on AISI 310S stainless steel. These measurements show that superparamagnetism may be due to magnetic clustering with temperature-independent specific heat contributions. Recently, Corsan and Mitchem reported the specific heat measurement from 4K to room temperature for a series of laboratory-produced Fe-Cr-Ni alloys, wherein the weight percentage of the chromium (Cr) component is 12 to 24%, the weight of the nickel component Percentage of 12 ~ 20%. When measured in 4K, the measured specific heat error is as high as 30%. However, such good data have not been available for the most common low temperature structural stainless steel, AISI 304, and this article describes the results of low temperature specific heat measurements of AISI 304 and AISI 304L stainless steels. L for low carbon content.