在梅内姆执政时期,阿根廷对国有企业进行全面的私有化改革,其中电信、供电、供水、燃气等公用事业是私有化改革的重要内容。总体而言,私有化后公用事业对不同收入阶层产生如下直接影响:服务价格有所下降,服务人群的覆盖范围扩大,服务质量得到改善,但同时低收入家庭享受这些服务的支出占家庭收入比重有所上升。私有化的间接影响体现在失业问题恶化,私有化使得政府额外收入增加,公用事业的财政负担减轻,相应地,政府用于教育、医疗、扶贫和构建社会安全网等社会领域的支出增加,从而在一定程度上缓和了社会问题。 During the Menem administration, Argentina conducted a comprehensive privatization reform of state-owned enterprises. Among them, public utilities such as telecommunications, electricity, water supply and gas were the major contents of the privatization reform. In general, public utilities have the following direct effects on different income groups after privatization: service prices have declined, service coverage has been extended and service quality has been improved, while the proportion of low-income families enjoying these services in household income Has risen. The indirect impact of privatization is manifested in the deterioration of the unemployment problem. Privatization increases the additional revenue of the government and reduces the financial burden on the public utilities. Accordingly, the government spends more and more on social areas such as education, health care, poverty alleviation and social safety net construction. To a certain extent, ease the social problems.