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目的调查深圳市南山区生产企业采取干预措施前后工作场所空气中化学性职业病危害因素超标情况,以推动职业病防治工作的开展。方法选取2008年1月—2010年12月工作场所空气中化学性职业病危害因素现场检测浓度超过国家职业卫生标准的30家生产企业,进行干预前后的对比分析。结果该区大部分超标的化学性职业病危害因素在干预后均能达标;锰及其无机化合物超标情况整改较难。以加强个体防护为主,职业卫生管理和应急管理措施的各项指标率干预后均显著高于干预前。结论采取的干预措施有效、可行,但集装箱制造、船舶制造、大型港口机械企业焊接作业的防护设施仍有待加大力度进一步改进和完善。
Objective To investigate the situation of chemical occupational hazards in the workplace air before and after the interventions were taken by manufacturing enterprises in Nanshan District, Shenzhen to promote the prevention and control of occupational diseases. Methods A total of 30 manufacturing enterprises with concentrations of chemical occupational hazards in the air of the workplace in the air from January 2008 to December 2010 were tested at concentrations higher than the national occupational health standards. The comparative analysis was made before and after the intervention. Results Most of the chemical occupational hazards that exceeded the standard in the area could reach the standard after the intervention. The rectification of manganese and its inorganic compounds exceeding the standard was more difficult. In order to strengthen the individual protection, occupational health management and emergency management measures of the various indicators of rate intervention were significantly higher than before intervention. Conclusion The interventions taken are effective and feasible. However, the protective facilities for container manufacturing, shipbuilding and welding of large port machinery enterprises still need to be strengthened to further improve and perfect.