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杀伤细胞抑制性受体对ＮＫ细胞和Ｔ细胞的功能起负调节作用。其中鼠ｌｙ４９家族为Ｃ凝集素家族的Ⅱ类跨膜蛋白，人类ＫＩＲ家族为免疫球蛋白超家族的Ⅰ类跨膜蛋白；二者功能相似，但在结构上却存在很大差别。近年来鼠ｇｐ４９Ｂ１分子和人类ＣＤ９４／ＮＫＧ２Ａ等分子的发现揭示：人与鼠同时具备这二类抑制性受体。杀伤细胞抑制性受体的发现为自身免疫性疾病及慢性病毒感染性疾病的防治打开了新的思路
Killer cell inhibitory receptors play a negative regulative role on the function of NK cells and T cells. The murine ly49 family is a Class C transmembrane protein of the C-lectin family, and the human KIR family is a Class I transmembrane protein of the immunoglobulin superfamily; both functionally similar but structurally quite different. The discovery of murine gp49B1 molecules and human CD94 / NKG2A molecules in recent years revealed that both human and mouse possess both types of inhibitory receptors. The discovery of killer-inhibitory receptors opens up new avenues for the prevention and treatment of autoimmune diseases and chronic viral infectious diseases