肝门部胆管癌(hilar cholangiocarcinoma,HCCA)也称Klatskin肿瘤,是指位处于胆管分叉2cm以内的胆管细胞癌。其解剖位置特殊,肿瘤易侵袭、浸润,手术处理难度很高。在几十年以前手术治疗只能达到缓解作用且普遍效果不佳,最近20年由于术前影像技术的进步和对肿瘤生长特性认识的加深,手术治疗效果有了明显的改善。现将肝门部胆管癌的诊治进展作一综述。1临床特征1.1流行病学胆管细胞癌是仅次于肝细胞癌的肝脏第2原发肿瘤,其发病率逐年上升。在美国,每年有近5 000例的新发病例被检出,约占所有消化道肿瘤的3%。胆管细胞癌中近60%～70%的位于肝门部,20%～30%位于远端胆管, Hilar cholangiocarcinoma (HCCA), also known as Klatskin tumor, refers to cholangiocarcinoma located within 2 cm of bifurcation. The special anatomical location, tumor invasion, invasion, surgical treatment is very difficult. In the past 20 years, surgical treatment can only achieve remission and the general effect is not good. In the recent 20 years, due to the progress of preoperative imaging technology and the deepening understanding of tumor growth characteristics, the effect of surgical treatment has been significantly improved. Now hilar cholangiocarcinoma diagnosis and treatment are reviewed. 1 Clinical features 1.1 Epidemiology cholangiocarcinoma is second only to the liver of liver cancer, the second primary tumor, the incidence increased year by year. In the United States, nearly 5,000 new cases are detected each year, accounting for about 3% of all gastrointestinal cancers. Cholangiocarcinoma in the nearly 60% to 70% located in the hilar, 20% to 30% in the distal bile duct,