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为了有效利用杂种优势,以12份玉米自交系为材料,运用DPS软件对其15个农艺性状进行遗传参数、相关性和聚类分析。结果表明,行粒数、穗行数、穗长、穗位高、穗粗和株高的的遗传力较高,依次分别为88.87%、88.86%、87.80%、83.36%、77.57%和74.78%;穗干重和粒干重的遗传进度较高,分别为48.85和42.30,且变异系数较大,分别为38.5%和43.7%,直接选择效果好。穗重与穗长、行粒数、粒重呈极显著正相关,与穗粗呈显著正相关。采用最短距离法,在欧式距离35.8,将供试材料聚为六大类,其中第三和第六类自交系粒重较轻,雄穗不发达,分别包含3、6、11和4号自交系,以及5号、8号和12号自交系;郑58和0732分别适合做母本和父本。郑58和昌7-2遗传距离最远,获得杂种优势较大;良玉88父本与0708遗传距离最小,不宜组配。
In order to effectively utilize heterosis, 12 maize inbred lines were used as materials to analyze genetic parameters, correlation and cluster analysis of 15 agronomic traits by DPS software. The results showed that the heritability of line number, ear number, ear length, ear height, ear diameter and plant height were higher, which were 88.87%, 88.86%, 87.80%, 83.36%, 77.57% and 74.78% The dry weight and dry weight of ear had higher genetic progress, which were 48.85 and 42.30 respectively, and the coefficient of variation was larger, which was 38.5% and 43.7%, respectively. The direct selection effect was good. Ear weight and spike length, grain number and grain weight were highly significant positive correlation, and spike coarse correlation was significant. Using the shortest distance method, in the European distance of 35.8, the tested materials were grouped into six categories, of which the third and sixth inbred lines lighter weight, tassel undeveloped, respectively, including 3,6,11 and 4 Inbred lines, and inbred lines 5, 8 and 12; Zheng 58 and 0732 were suitable for female and male parent respectively. Zheng 58 and Chang 7-2 had the farthest genetic distance and gained more heterosis. The genetic distance between Liang 58 and Chang 7-2 was the smallest and should not be combined.