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Objective To study the expression of a inhibitor gene,survivin,in pituitary adenomas and its relationship with the expression of caspase- 3 gene.Method Using streptavidin- biotin peroxidase(SP),the expression of surviving,caspase- 3 protein was examined in 8 normal pituitary tissue and 38 pituitary adenomas.Result Survivin was expressed in 23 of 38 cases of pituitary adenomas,in contrast,normal pituitary tissue did not express surviving.Positive expression rate of PRL group,GH group,Mixed group in pituitary adenomas was 12/17,7/13,4/8,respectively.Overexpression of surviving was not related with the tumor type(P >0.05).Meanwhile,surviving positive rate in caspase- 3 positive and negative groups was 5/14,79% .The result showed it was strongly associated with caspase- 3 expression(P<0.05).Conclusions Apoptosis suppression by surviving play an important role in apoptosis of pituitary adenomas.Survivin could be a new diagnostic/therapeutic target in pituitary adenomas.