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应用60Coγ射线对北方春大豆极早熟品种黑河13和北豆43种子进行诱变,并构建大豆突变体库。经M2代选择获得420份在株型、成熟期和育性等性状变异明显的材料,其中168份材料的变异与株高相关。通过对供体材料进行生育期基因型鉴定,在大豆生育期E1至E4基因的基因型分别是e1-as/e2/e3-T/E4,在M2代突变体库中获得了花期提前2~3 d的早花突变体38份,延迟开花6~8 d的晚花突变体50份。对选取的80份在M2表型有变异的材料进一步在M3代进行验证,获得25份与M2代表型一致的株行。同时随机选取385份M2代单株和株行的种子,通过近红外谷物分析仪对蛋白质和油分含量进行了测定,筛选比对照的供体材料蛋白质与油分含量明显偏高的变异材料15份。所获得的具有稳定遗传能力的材料可为研究相关性状的功能基因及分子育种提供较好的种质资源。
60Coγ-rays were used to mutagenize the seeds of northern earliest cultivars Heihe 13 and Beidou 43 and to construct a soybean mutant library. The results showed that 420 varieties had obvious variation in plant type, maturity, fertility and other traits, of which 168 were related to plant height. The genotypes of E1 to E4 genes at the growth stage of soybean were e1-as / e2 / e3-T / E4, respectively, and the donor plants were identified as early as 2 ~ 38 early flowering mutants on the 3rd day and 50 late flowering mutants on the late flowering stage of 6 ~ 8 days. Eighty selected materials with variations in M2 phenotype were further validated in the M3 generation to obtain 25 lines that were consistent with the M2 phenotype. At the same time, we randomly selected 385 M2 plants and their seeds. The content of protein and oil were determined by NIR analyzer. Fifteen mutants with significantly higher protein and oil content than the control were screened. The obtained materials with stable genetic ability can provide better germplasm resources for the study of functional genes and molecular breeding of related traits.