急性肾损伤(acute kidney injury,AKI)是新生儿重症监护病房最常见的危重症之一,发病率6%~24%[1]。研究表明AKI是导致新生儿致残和死亡的独立危险因素[2-3],早期诊断和及时干预是新生儿AKI治疗的关键。但是目前新生儿AKI早期诊断仍然是一个临床难题,不同临床研究采用的标准差异较大。因此人们一直在不断从血液和尿液中筛选出一些新的、更加敏感的AKI生物学标志物进行临床前瞻性研究,期望寻找到能够早期检测AKI的内源 Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the most common critically ill neonatal intensive care units, with an incidence of 6% to 24% [1]. Studies have shown that AKI is an independent risk factor for neonatal disability and death [2-3], early diagnosis and timely intervention is the key to neonatal AKI treatment. However, at present, the early diagnosis of neonatal AKI is still a clinical problem, and the standards used in different clinical studies vary greatly. Therefore, people are constantly screening some new and more sensitive biomarkers of AKI from blood and urine for clinical prospective study, looking forward to find the early detection of endogenous AKI