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目的：研究癌基因ｂｃｌ－２及抑癌基因ｐ５３在子宫内膜癌发生、发展中的作用。方法：采用免疫组化ＡＢＣ法检测４９例子宫内膜癌中ｂｃｌ－２、ｐ５３基因蛋白的表达。结果：４９例子宫内膜癌中２６例ｂｃｌ－２表达阳性，占５３％；１２例ｐ５３表达阳性，占２５％。子宫内膜癌组织学分级Ｇ１、Ｇ２ｂｃｌ－２表达率（６６％）显著高于Ｇ３表达率（２１％，Ｐ＜００５），而Ｇ３ｐ５３表达率（４６％）显著高于Ｇ１、Ｇ２表达率（１７％，Ｐ＜００５），ｂｃｌ－２表达阳性与阴性者生存率统计无显著性差异，ｐ５３表达阳性者生存率显著低于ｐ５３表达阴性者。ｂｃｌ－２、ｐ５３表达与肌层浸润、手术分期无明显相关。结论：癌基因ｂｃｌ－２与抑癌基因ｐ５３可能在子宫内膜癌发生的不同阶段起作用，抑制细胞凋亡，促进肿瘤的发展与转归。
Objective: To study the role of oncogene bcl-2 and tumor suppressor gene p53 in the occurrence and development of endometrial carcinoma. Methods: Immunohistochemical ABC method was used to detect the expression of bcl-2 and p53 gene in 49 cases of endometrial carcinoma. Results: In 49 cases of endometrial carcinoma, 26 cases had positive expression of bcl-2, accounting for 53%. The positive expression of p53 in 12 cases was 25%. The expression of G1, G2bcl-2 in endometrial carcinoma was significantly higher than that in G3 (21%, P <005), while the expression of G3p53 was significantly higher than that in G1 and G2 (17%, P <005). There was no significant difference in the survival rates between bcl-2 positive and negative patients. The positive rate of p53 expression was significantly lower than that of p53 negative patients. The expression of bcl-2 and p53 was not correlated with myometrial invasion and operation stage. Conclusion: The oncogene bcl-2 and tumor suppressor gene p53 may play roles in different stages of endometrial carcinoma, inhibiting apoptosis and promoting tumor development and prognosis.