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本文用电化学方法,研究了国内外大型合成氨厂脱除合成氨原料气中CO_2时,广泛采用的几种热钾碱溶液中钒缓蚀剂防止碳钢设备腐蚀的机理。在除去了溶解氧的各种热钾碱溶液中加入钒缓蚀剂前后测得的碳钢的阳极极化曲线和电位-时间曲线表明,在K_2CO_3溶液、K_2CO_3+KHCO_3溶液,G-V溶液、Benfield溶液、Catacarb溶液和二乙撑三胺热钾碱溶液中,钒缓蚀剂都是一种氧化性钝化剂。它是通过其氧化作用使碳钢的电极电位由活化区转移到钝化区内,使碳钢由活化状态转变为钝化状态而防止腐蚀的。
In this paper, electrochemical mechanism was used to study the mechanism of vanadium corrosion inhibitor in several hot potash solutions to prevent corrosion of carbon steel equipment in large-scale ammonia plant at home and abroad when removing CO_2 from ammonia gas. The anodic polarization curves and potential-time curves of carbon steel measured before and after the addition of vanadium corrosion inhibitor to various hot potash solutions without dissolved oxygen show that in K 2 CO 3 solution, K 2 CO 3 + KHCO 3 solution, GV solution, Benfield solution , Catacarb solution and diethylenetriamine hot potash solution, vanadium corrosion inhibitor is an oxidative passivating agent. It is through the oxidation of the carbon steel electrode potential transfer from the activation zone to the passivation zone, the carbon steel from the activated state into passive state to prevent corrosion.